Router (woodworking)

A router is a versatile power tool for machining of wood and other materials, which is recognized as a rule from the top to the workpiece as opposed to the spindle moulder.

Construction

A router comprised of a generally gearless electric motor whose rotational speed is from 8000 to 30000 revolutions per minute, a chuck for clamping the milling tool and a two- column-guided Fräskorb whose stroke is between 35 and 80 mm. The guide columns are mounted on a stable base plate. The base plate can be provided with plain sliding layer or a replaceable plastic sliding. At this base plate itself stops and guided tours of various types can be installed so that you can mill for example with a curved fence circles or segments.

The routers are two basic structures can be distinguished: in the meantime are devices which are provided with a 43 -mm Euro -neck separable and clamped in the Fräskorb, only rarely found in the marketplace (eg metabolites OFE 738). The motor including collet can then also be used separately as a straight grinders or installed into a Fräsbohrständer or in CNC equipment. In most current designs of Fräskorb is fixedly connected to the motor. In addition, there are also machines in which only the engine ( with cable) pushed into a Fräskorb. The switch is located here, in contrast to the Euro - neck machines on the handles on Fräskorb. The electrical connection is via sliding contacts on Fräskorb or the motor (eg Bosch GOF 1600 CE Professional ).

The clamping range of each collet is usually between 6 to 12.7 mm. Common sizes are 6, 8, 12 mm, more rarely, there are also 4 and 10 mm. For machines in the Anglo-American system of measurement are 1/4 " (6.35 mm), 3/ 8" ( 9.53mm) and 1/ 2 "( 12.7 mm ) is used. For use in small tools, such as where the Dremel brand, with router Attachment device are also 1/32 " ( 0.8 mm), 1/ 16" ( 1.6 mm), 3/ 32 "( 2.4 mm ) and 1 /8" ( 3, 2 mm). collet diameter up to 6 mm are mainly used for smaller mills. larger cutters and great service more powerful machines are used, which are equipped with 8 or 12 mm collets. general rule be at a high quality router different collets at.

The shape of the handles, the following basic forms can be distinguished:

  • The double knob is the classic shape with round handles on both sides for two-hand operation.
  • The pistol grip allows for one-handed operation and has a knob on the opposite side.
  • The double handle is ergonomically adapted to the hand shape and intended for two-handed operation. He is more comfortable in the main working direction, but more complicated for other directions of work than other handles.

There are also stationary routers, which are now mostly integrated as CNC milling machining centers or in so-called structured as a portal milling. Before the numerically controlled machine tools were introduced into the manufacture, so-called copy routing ( routers, which are prepared for the exact reproduction of patterns so ) were popular in furniture making.

Use

The router is suitable for milling grooves, for edge milling and profiling, for stencil cutting and freehand milling ( eg ornaments, patterns, fonts ).

When freehand milling the router is placed on top of the workpiece and guided by hand over the surface.

In addition, some models offer the option to install them upside down in a table with a round opening for the router. This has advantages when, for example very small workpieces to be processed. Even for larger cutter diameter (from about 30 mm ⌀, eg facing cutter ), this procedure is preferable due to security aspects of the hand-held. For this purpose, the upper performance class are elected by the general machine, since the resulting high weight and thus the bulkiness of no importance, but rather an advantage (higher stiffness of the guides and smoother running ).

Routers for the DIY sector is available with engine power from 450 watts. In the professional sector, the little milling lie at 900 to 1200 watts and 2.5 to 3.5 kg. Increased hand routers have performance from 1200 to 1600 watts resulting in a weight of 4 to 5 kg. The most portable routers have outputs up to 2600 watts ( eg Mafell LO 65 Ec ), but also weigh 6-8 kg. While the small milling, in particular in the areas of freehand and stencil milling, where they use relatively small milling cutter diameters, can score points due to its handiness, the most powerful models with their weight when machining with large mills, especially in hardwood or in stationary operation ( ie as a moulder ) is an advantage. Today's machines usually offer consistently an electronic speed adjustment so that the cutting speed can be adjusted to each specific purpose. Also, in high end devices, a constant standard electronics, which keeps constant the speed under load, and adjusts if necessary, as long as it allows the engine power.

Application tools

The tools used end mills, some with soldered or screwed, and thus replaceable carbide cutting. Ball bearing thrust washers which sit above or below the cutting edge, it is possible, for example, a glued- plywood edge to mill flush without using a stop. The stop ring prevents the cutter cutting deeper into the workpiece enters as flush with the surface contour of the board. Cheap cutters are partially provided with simple pin -up that can lead to one place to linger too long at low feed burns on the thrust surface of the workpiece, however. The advantage of the ball bearing with respect to the start -up pins is that it can be replaced by a smaller or larger so as to provide new opportunities in accordance with the same milling cutters are available. This can create a Rounding the Shape Round Over and Beading in the picture below.

Cutter types

For different requirements, various cutters are used. The dimensioning of the tools is performed with a subset of the following abbreviations:

  • Diameter of the blade ( D)
  • Cutting length without shaft (B )
  • Total length including shaft ( L)
  • Shank diameter (S )
  • Radius (R)
  • Number of teeth (Z)

It should be noted that various manufacturers often use different letters, which can without a legend cause confusion. So the company uses Sistemi Klein respectively the letters B and L for cutting and shaft length, whereas Bosch used for the same indications L and G.

Grooving

Straight bits are used to produce rectangular grooves and recesses. Dimensioning: D, B, L, Z, S

There are various forms of Nutfräsern. The Standardnutfräser has lateral or additional front side brazed carbide tips. The best cutting result is obtained, however, with the spiral groove.

Cove bit

The cove bit creates slots with semi-circular cross-section or fillets on edges. Dimensioning: D, B, L, R, S. The letter R stands for the radius of the hemispherical edge.

Rounding

Rounding be used to round off edges. Dimensioning: D, B, L, R, S. The abbreviation R stands for the radius of the milled rounding.

Flush trim bit

Flush cutters are used to customize glued, protruding materials. The purpose of a thrust ring above or below the cut. Dimensioning: D, B, L, Z, S

Often they are also offered with cutting tip. These are used to to dive right into the wood to when exact copies of a work piece with eg are producing a pantograph.

Rebating cutter

With Falzfräsern folds ( rectangular cutouts on edges) are milled. Dimensioning: D, B, L, E, S. The letter E stands for the rebate.

Ridge or finger joint cutters

The Gratfräser generates trapezoidal recesses, which are used for the dovetail joints. Dimensioning: D, B, L, α, p The Greek letter α is the angle of the sides of the trapezoid.

Accessories

  • Clamping frame to the stationary undercounter use
  • Guide rail
  • Copying ring or flange
  • Tracer
  • Rows of holes template
  • Rip fence
  • Side stop
  • Swarf exhauster
  • Chip collecting container
  • Vacuum Clamping
  • Angle stop
  • Centering
  • Circle facility
Numerical control
26052
de