Rudivirus

The Virusamilie Rudiviridae with the single genus includes Rudi virus non-enveloped bacteriophage with a strand of double-stranded, linear DNA as a genome. The previously classified two virus species have thermophilic archaea of the Crenarchaeota department to host; particularly well described is their occurrence in Sulfolobus islandicus. The name of the family is derived from the Latin rudis ( rapier, small staff ), which is indicative of the elongated shape of viruses.

Morphology and genome

Virions of Rudiviridae are rod-shaped with a constant diameter of 23 nm and a variable-length 830-900 nm, this helical capsid is composed of spirally arranged molecules of a DNA -binding coat protein. The turns of the spiral are repeated every 4.3 nm at the ends of the virions can be seen plug-like structures that seal the capsid and where there are short fibrils.

The genome of the virus consists of Rudi a single strand of a double stranded DNA having a size of 32-35 kbp. The genome contains open reading frames of 45 ( SIRV -1) and 54 ( SIRV -2) viral proteins. Are typically very long repetitive sequences at the ends of the DNA strand.

System

  • Family Rudiviridae
  • Genus Rudi virus
  • Species Sulfolobus islandicus rod -shaped virus - 1 ( SIRV -1)
  • Species Sulfolobus islandicus -rod -shaped virus 2 ( SIRV -2)

Unclassified members of the family Rudiviridae:

  • Acidianus species -rod -shaped virus 1
  • Species Sulfolobus turreted icosahedral virus -

Originally, the virus species Thermoproteus tenax - virus was 4 ( TTV4 ) classified in the genus Rudi virus. Since the morphology, however, is significantly different and not sufficiently available sequence information, the TTV4 was assigned as unclassified virus species no existing virus family. A new virus family Bacilloviridae was proposed, but not accepted by the ICTV.

Similarities to other viruses

The genome shows similarities to the viral family Poxviridae in vertebrates. This relates to the arrangement and order of the genes as well as the replication of the genome in the infected cell. Striking sequence similarities of up to 30 % consist of family Lipothrixviridae whose members show up to an additional viral envelope also has a similar helical structure of the capsid. Owing to the extended sequence analysis of a common evolutionary origin of the two families Rudiviridae and Lipothrixviridae can be assumed, which is why they are combined to form a new joint order Ligamenvirales since 2012.

Virus classification National Center for Biotechnology Information Base pair International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses
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