Runway#Runway markings
Pavement markings at airports (English: Marking) or short marks are used for orientation of aircraft pilots in the air and on the ground. The ICAO proposes "Operation standards Aerodrome Design And " internationally accepted signs and markings at airports in the based on ICAO Annex 14. These proposals will be adopted by Member States into national law. As part of the Airport Planning the bottom marker is planned at airports, the legally binding definition of the markings is usually by administrative decision.
Marks the start and runway
The marks of the start and runways are basically white. Most important were the marks of the centerline are here (English: Center Line) and from the beginning and end ( thresholds, English: Threshold ) of the path that must be visible to the pilot from the air. Assigned to the thresholds is the runway identifier. With an offset threshold arrows are attached towards the threshold and an additional horizontal line at the threshold before the threshold. At a threshold temporarily displaced there is also the arrows and the horizontal line, which accounts for "normal" threshold mark in this case.
Depending on the initial length of the track can be found at 250 m (code number 2), at 300 m (code number 3 ) or 400 m (code number 4) with instrument tracks a target point mark (English: Aiming Point Marking). The touchdown zone (English: touchdown zone) must be marked only with precision runways (code number 2,3 or 4).
Markers of taxiways and roll streets
Marks of the taxiways and roll streets, however, are yellow. Edges ( side lines ) are marked with a double yellow line, the center line (english: Center Line) with a simple yellow line which is interrupted at junctions with a start and runway. Rollwegmittellinien rich in inlets in the start and runway up to the center line of approach. Furthermore, crossings with other taxiways (English: Intermediate holding position) and intersections with the start and runway (rolling stop marker, English: holding point) marked with yellow dashes.
Marks in the signal area
Ground signals are interpreted together in the signal area. This has a minimum area of 81 m² (9 × 9 m), so that it can also be seen during the approach. Mainly to find this signal areas are in smaller, uncontrolled aerodromes, since radio equipment is not required by law. Of a radio failure they are still a source of information available. The benefits are still doubtful, since the information given usually by the flight preparation are already known .. However the obligation to plant this signal areas has been canceled by the Ministry of Transport in Bonn years ago and numerous airfields have then removed the signal area.
Perform
Markings on the apron
Markings on the apron are usually white or red. There are, for example, the edges of aircraft parking positions marked or different restricted areas such as the swivel area of passenger boarding bridges and the edges of equipment parking. Yellow lines on the apron can be found in the form of roll- guidance that is an extension of the center lines of the taxiways.
Other markings on airfields
Other markings on airfields are for example those of Roads, which correspond to ground markings on the road, in essence, or markers for the identification of underground utilities such as fuel lines.
Standardize
International regulations for markers at aerodromes can be found in the Annexes (English Annex) to the Chicago Convention. For Germany, the " Common Principles of the federal and state governments over the lighting and marking of airfields with instrument air traffic " and which are " common principles of the federal and state governments over the lighting and marking of airfields with VFR traffic " ( NfL I 94 /03) taken into account. In Austria the relevant Order is the " Civil Aerodrome Regulation IFV ".