Russula queletii
Gooseberry Russula ( Russula queletii )
The gooseberry Russula ( Russula queletii ) is a species of fungus in the family Täublingsverwandten ( Russulaceae ). It is a medium sized, very sharp -tasting Täubling with cream-colored spores powder and the characteristic odor of gooseberry compote. The hat is mostly purple, the stem karminrötlich crowded and the cream-colored fins are dirty green spots with injuries. The typical spruce companion has isolated spiny spores. His epithet he wears in honor of the French mycologist Lucien Quélet.
- 5.1 Infra Generic Systematics
- 5.2 varieties and forms
- 7.1 Notes and references
- 7.2 External links
Features
Macroscopic characteristics
The hat of the gooseberry Täublings has a diameter of ( 2) 5-8 ( 10) cm. In his youth, he's only hemispherical, then convex and expanded later. At the age the Hutmitte is often deepens and sometimes hunched slightly dull. The hat skin is at least in moisture to greasy sticky and moist for a long shiny. If dry, it can also be dull and slightly bumpy. They can be removed more than half of time. The hat is usually purplish-pink to opaque burgundy colored, but it can also be colored purple-brown and even have olive tones. At the age and with heavy Durchwässerung guard fades strong and will then yellowish green or pinkish gray.
The slats are young whitish and later cream-colored, with injuries, they can also become discolored slightly dirty greenish. They are 3.5-7.5 mm high, are relatively crowded and are partially mixed. The slats are not either, or only forked right on the stalk. The spore powder is off-white (IIc - IId after Romagnesi ).
The handle (3) is 5-7 cm in length and from 0.5 to 20 mm wide. It is striking carmine - colored to almost bluish red. Therefore, they gave the fungus the name drunkard nose. It can be wet when it is completely soaked, discolored and grayish. The consistency of the stem is rather soft and usually somewhat spongy with age.
The flesh is whitish ( damp gray) and under the hat skin purplish-pink to purple in color. Specific type is the fruity smell. Especially when they dry, the fungus smells distinctly of apple or gooseberry compote. The taste is spicy to very spicy. The meat turns reddish with ferrous sulfate and also reacts with guaiac within 2 to 3 minutes.
Microscopic characteristics
The spores are occupied more or less spherical (8-10 x 7-9 microns ) and with almost pointed up to one (1.5 ) microns high warts. The warts are isolated and are not network -connected to each other. Only fine lines may be present between the warts. The basidia measure 50-60 × 8.5-11 (-15 ) microns and 4-5 microns wide have four sterigmata. The cystidia are 51-75 microns long and 10-11 microns wide, bulbous or cylindrical - clavate, pointed above, rarely somewhat blunted. Old Zystiden be sized to 100/17 microns. In Sulfovanillin the Zystiden color to almost completely blue. The Apiculus measures 1.25 x 1 micron, the clear amyloid and warty Hilarfleck is irregular and about 3.25 microns long and 2 microns wide.
The 5-8 ( 10) microns wide, more or less cylindrical to clavate or nearly nodular Pileozystiden are elongated and often appendikuliert. Some Pileozystiden are septate one or two times. The Hyphenendzellen are quite variable, about 2-5 microns wide and more or bulbous or teat- shaped.
Artabgrenzung
The rare dark red gooseberry Russula Russula fuscorubroides has a darker, purple-black in the middle hat color that barely ausblasst even in old age. The fins not green and the warts of the spores are partially burred linked. Also very rare is the significantly larger and more powerful wolf Russula Russula torulosa. His hat is shiny purple-violet, blue-violet and penetrated his stick and his blades dull ocher. The fungus smells strongly of apples and small pungent. The warts of the spores are grid -connected with each other. The Zitronenblättrige Russula Russula or Tränentäubling sardonia Fr is very similar to the wolf Täubling, but the stem is much longer and more colored purple-violet. The smell is unremarkable and the taste is very sharp, but often only after prolonged chewing. The spores possess an incomplete network drawing. The fungus is very common in acidic pine forests, its spore powder is creamy yellow.
Ecology
The gooseberry Täubling like all russulas a mycorrhizal fungus that usually with spruce, rarely with other conifers, such as larch ( Larix), fir ( Abies ) and pine (Pinus sylvestris), a symbiosis received. One finds the way from July to October usually sociable with spruce, welcome to contact wetter places in the moss. The gooseberry Täubling preferably calcareous soils and the hill country, in the lowlands it is rare.
Dissemination
The gooseberry Täubling is a Holarctic species with meridional to boreal habitat. The Täubling comes in North Asia before (Caucasus, Siberia, Russia and the Far East ), North America ( USA, Mexico), North Africa and Europe. In Europe, it is in the south of Portugal to Romania, widespread in the West of France on the Benelux States and Great Britain to the Hebrides and in the east to Belarus. In the north, it occurs throughout Fennoscandia. The northern limit of its distribution area is in Lapland.
In Germany the Täubling in the northern flat and hilly land is very rare, well spread from the Central Upland Range and south of the Main widespread.
System
Infra Generic Systematics
Within the section Firmae the gooseberry Täubling is placed in the sub-section Sanguinae (after Bon ). This subsection combines pungent russulas with red to purple hats and cream to ocher-colored spore powder.
Varieties and forms
The following forms and varieties have been described:
Importance
The gooseberry is not edible mushroom Russula and like all pungent russulas he is considered toxic suspicious. His indulgence can lead to more or less severe digestive problems, particularly nausea, gastrointestinal cramps, vomiting and diarrhea.