Russula versicolor
Multicolored Russula ( Russula versicolor)
The multi -colored Russula ( Russula versicolor syn. R. blackfordiae ) is a mushroom of the family of Täublingsverwandten. It is a very variable species, which belongs to the subsection Puellarinae. The Täubling tastes schärflich and its flesh is prone to yellowing. The hat is colored very variable and often has a ring-like banding in different colors. The colors mostly between red and violet. But there are also yellowish and greenish hues.
- 4.1 Infra Generic Systematics
- 4.2 Subspecies and varieties
Features
Macroscopic characteristics
The fragile hat is 5-8 cm wide and soon flattened. He usually has pale pastel -like colors, a blend of violet, purple, hazy purple, or pink fleischrot tender. Towards the center of the hat is often olive, brown or green-yellow. The edge is blunt and serrated at the age. The hat skin is sticky and shiny with moisture and can be removed at least to the center.
The gills are white, mottled cream and ocher on the cutting edge at maturity. The spore powder is dark cream to pale ocher colored ( IId - IIIb according Romagnesi ).
The stem is 3-6 cm long and 0.5-1.5 cm wide and very fragile. He is white, turns yellow in age but more or less, and then yellowish- ocher.
Also the meat is white and tends a little later to Gilbert. Young fruiting bodies tasted slightly schärflich in the slats after a while. The guaiac reaction is significantly positive, the ferrous sulfate reaction weak.
Microscopic characteristics
The spores are highly variable and for the genus unusually narrow ( 6-9 × 4-7 microns ), with delicate, densely spiny and often associated zigzag fashion, 0.4 micron high warts that are hardly connected reticulate. The basidia are 35-37 microns long and have four sterigmata. The pleurocystidia have a variable tip and are dyeable with Sulfovanillin. They are 47-60 microns long and 7-9 microns wide and usually septate. Your walls are thinner than 2 microns.
The hat skin ( Epikutis ) has numerous, slender club-shaped or cylindrical, one to three times septate 5-7 microns wide Pileozystiden. The tip of the Pileozystiden is usually rounded. The Huthyphen contain Vakuolenpigmente but no membrane pigments and are not encrusted. It can neither prove nor filamentous Primordialhyphen.
Ecology
The multi -colored Täubling like all russulas a mycorrhizal fungus that responds almost exclusively with birch a symbiosis. In rare cases, alders can serve as hosts.
You can find the Täubling together with birch trees in different forest communities. Among others in beech and mixed forests book, in hornbeam and oak forests Mich., in willow birch fractures and bog bilberries bog birch bog forests, but also in birch trees, birch alleys, pine and spruce forests and parks.
The fungus preferably flat to moderately subtle, more acidic than neutral, like drier but also wet floors. These may be weak to strong humus, sandy or anlehmig. It tolerates a wide variety of soil types as Ranker, regosol, Pararendzinen, brown and Luvisols, occasionally Gley, alluvial clay and peat soils. The fruiting bodies appear like on thin places from late June to October. The species occurs from the lowlands ago to the middle mountains.
Dissemination
The Täubling is a predominantly boreal to temperate Art It comes in North Asia (Caucasus, Russia and the Far East ), North America (USA), North Africa (Morocco ) and Europe before. He was also found in Greenland. In Europe, it is in the south of Spain to Romania, widespread in the West of France on the Benelux countries up to the Shetland Islands, in the north to Iceland and Lapland, and east to Belarus.
The multi -colored Russula is widespread scattered in Germany.
System
Infra Generic Systematics
The multi -colored Russula is placed in the subsection Puellarinae within the section Tenellae. The representatives of this subsection are relatively small and fragile species. Their fruiting bodies tend to yellowing, especially on a stick. The taste is mild or slightly schärflich. The spore powder is cream to yellow.
Subspecies and varieties
- Russula versicolor var intensior ( Cooke ) Bon (1975 )
- Russula versicolor var pseudopuellaris Bon
Importance
Due to its sharpening union taste of Täubling deemed not edible.