Salicornioideae

Samphire ( Salicornia europaea)

Salicornieae is the only tribe of the subfamily Salicornioideae within the plant family Amaranthaceae ( Amaranthaceae ).

  • 4.1 Notes and references

Description

Characteristic features of the tribe Salicornieae or the subfamily Salicornioideae are structured, succulent stems with reduced leaves. The flowers are in dense, thick, ear-like thyrsusförmigen inflorescences.

Photosynthetic

The Salicornieae almost all C3 plants. The only way the C4 photosynthesis has developed is Tecticornia indica ( syn. Halosarcia indica).

Dissemination and evolution

The subfamily Salicornioideae has a worldwide distribution, the species growing on the sea coasts and salty soils in Germany ( halophytes ).

The Salicornioideae originated in Eurasia about 38 to 28 million years ( Late Eocene / Early Oligocene ) and experienced a rapid separation into the major lines. Even before 14 to 19 million years ago ( Middle Miocene ) all genera were developed.

System

The first description of the tribe Salicornieae within the goosefoot family ( Chenopodiaceae ) was carried out in 1849 by Alfred Moquin - Tandon ( in: A. De Candolle (ed.): Prodromus systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis, Volume 13 ( 2) ). Oskar Eberhard Ulbrich raised the taxon in 1934 in the rank of a subfamily ( in: A. Engler & Prantl K. (ed. ): The natural plant families, ed 2, vol 16c).

The goosefoot have now been incorporated into the Amaranthaceae.

According to phylogenetic studies of Kadereit et al. (2006 ) contains the subfamily Salicornioideae only one tribe, the Salicornieae.

  • Tribus Salicornieae Moq:. Eleven genera with about 90 species: Allenrolfea Kuntze: With approximately three ways: Allenrolfea occidentalis ( S. Watson ) Kuntze in North America and Mexico.
  • Allenrolfea patagonica ( Moq. ) Kuntze, in South America.
  • Allenrolfea vaginata ( Griseb. ) Kuntze, in South America.
  • Arthrocnemum macrostachyum ( Moric. ) C.Koch, the Mediterranean region and Southwest Asia.
  • Arthrocnemum subterminal ( Parish ) Standlschmaus. , California and Mexico.
  • Halocnemum strobilaceum: It occurs in the southern Mediterranean region, southwestern and western Central Asia.
  • Halocnemum yurdakulolii Yaprak, in southern Turkey
  • Halopeplis amplexicaulis ( Vahl ) ung - Sternb. ex Ces. , pass. & Gibelli, in the southern Mediterranean region and South Africa
  • Halopeplis perfoliata ( Forssk. ) Bunge ex Asch. & Schweinf, from the Arabian Peninsula to south-west Pakistan
  • Halopeplis pygmaea ( Pall. ) Bunge ex - Hungarian Sternb. , From the Caspian Sea to Central Asia.
  • Halostachys belangeriana: It occurs in Central and Southwest Asia, South-East Europe.
  • Heterostachys olivascens ( Speg. ) Molfino
  • Heterostachys ritteriana ( Moq. ) ung - Sternb.
  • Microcnemum coralloides. It occurs in Spain, Turkey, Armenia, north-western Iran.
Alfred Moquin-Tandon C3 carbon fixation C4 carbon fixation Australia
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