Sant'Eusebio

00185 Roma

Sant'Eusebio (Latin Sancti Eusebii ), completely Sant'Eusebio all'Esquilino, is a church in Rome. She is one of the oldest churches title of the Roman Catholic Church, Parish Church and Church station on the Friday of the fourth week of Lent. She is known for her two German engineered ceiling fresco from the 18th century.

Location

The church is located in the XV. Roman Rione Esquilino at the northern corner of the Piazza Vittorio Emanuele II, about 200 meters east of the Porta Esquilina.

History and Architectural History

It is not clear exactly which martyrs or saints is the original namesake. Various sources for this purpose, such as the Acta Sanctorum, or the Martyrology Hieronymianum, assign the titulus Eusebii possibly to different people. It is certain that after excavations, the church stands on the remains of an ancient insula, according to legend, the home of a Christian who took against the Arian doctrine Party, was enclosed by his adversaries in his own house and should be starved, which date from the assumed but does not fit to the survival data of the present patron. The title was first written records in an inscription of a tomb in the catacombs at Santi Marcellino e Pietro; the inscription is dated both in the fourth as in the 5th century. The cardinal priest titles went 1839 on Santi Andrea e Gregorio al Monte Celio and was renewed in 1877.

A first church on the ancient remains falls well into the time Pope Sixtus III .. work on it are known from the Carolingian period. Demolition and complete rebuilding took place under the popes Honorius III. and Gregory IX. instead. Honorius had built the bell tower, which is the only original part of this era today. Gregory consecrated the church on April 1, 1238, a Holy Thursday, two Saints, and although today's patron saint, St. Eusebius of Vercelli, and St. Vincent. As of 1294 the church belonged to the Order of Celestine. From the 16th and 17th century restorations and minor construction projects are known. 1771 produced a son and pupil Carlo Fontana, Carlo Stefano Fontana, the facade, built the portico and renovated the church in Baroque style; a source speaks of a new building.

Another part of new construction was financed by the Cardinal Enrico Enriquez shortly after 1750, the original pillars of the old church were replaced by pillars. After the Celestine became extinct in 1785, the church was given to the Jesuits; they were owners until 1870. Thereafter, the parish was established, which serves the Church today.

Facade

The facade of the portico is five axes and two floors. From the square in front of a stairway to the portico rises and divides at mid-height. The five pillars of the arcade arches are presented with Doric capitals. Above the cornice cranked the articulating pilasters between the windows are decorated with capitals of the Ionic order, the capitals included festoons. The triangular pediment above the windows are concave and convex bulges or fed on the short sides alternately. The architrave of the upper floor contains a dedicatory inscription. About the central axis he is bent round and contains a two garlands flanked crest field. Behind the floor rises the running as a simple triangular gable end side of the actual church building.

Interior and equipment

The interior of the church is a three-aisled basilica with a non -flung, compared to the rest of the church raised transept. Over the crossing rises a transverse oval dome with no drum. The inscription on the lantern above the dome reads: " † DEO ET BEATE MARIAE Confessori EVSEBIO AN. IVB. MDC ". In the nave piers pilasters are presented according to the Ionic order, in the side aisles by Tuscan order. The church is covered by a barrel vault with lunettes in which the eight windows are recessed under segmental arches.

The church for the central ceiling fresco is known. It represents the apotheosis of Saint Eusebius and is a very late example of illusionistic painting. The performing artists, Anton Raphael Menges and his brother Anton Maron, who created it 1755., You were based on the work by Antonio da Correggio. One of the angels - on the lower right side - is holding a sheet with the Greek inscription: TO OMOOYCIOC ΠATRI as referring to the disputes with the Arians.

On the triumphal arch there are stuccoed angel with a coat of arms of Cardinal Enriquez, a reference to his promotion of renewal of the church.

In the high altar, designed according to the design Onorio Longhi, are relics of the eponymous saint, and of the Holy Orosius and St. Paulinus. The altarpiece is the work of Baldassare Croce.

The transept contains at the end faces opposite altar altars with leaves of Andreas Ruthard.

The choir stalls behind the high altar is an animated work from walnut, created 1587th

Animal blessing

On Sunday, the closest to January 17, Memorial of Anthony the Great, found outside the church a blessing of animals, especially pets today, instead. Originally, the blessing was held at the nearby church of Sant'Antonio Abate all'Esquilino, but was postponed for reasons of space after Sant'Eusebio.

Opening times

The church is open Tuesday to Saturday from 7:30 bis 12:00 clock and 17:00 to 19:00 clock. In the summer months the opening times may vary. Sunday worship services are held in the church.