Santa Maria in Via Lata
The church of Santa Maria in Via Lata (Latin: Sanctae Mariae in Via Lata ) is a Roman title diakonia and Rector's Church. It was built in baroque on much older predecessors and houses, among other grave sites of the Bonaparte family.
- 4.1 Basic structure
- 4.2 Features
- 4.3 Lower Church
Location
The church is located in the IX. Roman rione Pigna on Via del Corso (formerly Via Lata ) and right at the Palazzo Doria Pamphili -, about 400 meters north of Monumento Vittorio Emanuele II; canonically it is in the area of the parish of Santi XII Apostoli.
Architectural History
The church stands on the ancient ruins of Roman buildings (referred to be a warehouse, as a triumphal arch from the time of Diocletian, the Saepta Julia ( meeting room of the Centuries ) ). Also, there were predecessors of the 8th, 9th and 10th centuries ( S.U. lower church ). Was first mentioned in a document, the Church 1042., The predecessor of the 10th century was rebuilt in the 15th century. The present shape, except for the facade, the church received by Cosimo Fancelli in the middle of the 17th century.
Appearance
Facade
The façade, which was built entirely of travertine, was built by Pietro da Cortona 1658-1662. It was based on Palladio's buildings for the stage-like structure of the facade.
On the ground floor the central buttress is covered by four columns with lattice-like effect partially. The facade column have unequal distances, the distance between the two middle columns is greatest. The base and the capitals are made in Corinthian style; the columns are not typical for this style hollow strip, but the classic Entasis. On the architrave of the inscription DEIPARARE / Virginia SEMPER IMMACVLATAE / MDCLXII is embedded.
The top floor is where having an attic and are usually the outline of the ground floor again. Again, the central axis is pronounced as a buttress. Similarly, the distances between the same four Corinthian columns that do not show the Entasis Hohlstreifung but as the ground floor, the arrangement of the lower level. The two lateral pairs of columns also bear an architrave, while the space between the two middle pillars by a - for the style of Andrea Palladio's typical - semicircular arch is spanned, which extends into an empty triangular pediment.
The facade is in the development of da Cortona after the Santi Luca e Martina and above that of Santa Maria della Pace. From the initial façade took da Cortona, the structure, but simplified it. In the second facade he leads, inter alia, the motif on the Doric order. Gianlorenzo Bernini took the strong plasticity and monumentality of the façade of Sant'Andrea al Quirinale.
Side fronts
The right side front is located at the present-day Via Lata - a short side road that branches off from the Via del Corso and leads into Piazza del Collegio Romano. The first part of the front page is still formed by the facade and its pilasters. Furthermore, the side wall is then divided by a Wandstreifung, similar to the upper border of the Tuscan Kapitellgestaltung. In the wall panels formed by these architectural elements are the half circle ring window in the south aisle, which are framed by profiled arches. There is the coat of arms of Pope Innocent VIII Between the second and third window
The left side of the front is completely installed.
Campanile
The Campanile is located on the left side of the church and is the work of Martino Longhi the Elder of 1580th From Via del Corso, he is not set back a bit and in the basement as visible as the entire left side of the front of the church. The first visible floor is relatively high and is provided at the corners with pilasters in the Tuscan style. The bell storey that targets above the cornice of the church, located on all four sides high, open arched windows. There are scrolls that carry above the curl capitals in Ionic style at the edges. About the final cornices of the campanile located on all sides of each segment a gable, which is covered by a spherical Stay cover.
Affairs
Basic structure
The church was built as a three-aisled basilica. The pillars between the main and the side aisles are made of reddish colored marble. A projecting cornice jumping orbiting above the arcades, which also takes place through the high Altar, gives the interior a clear structure. The church was renovated in 1639 by Cosimo Fanzago and is decorated in rich baroque forms and color multiplicity.
Equipment
The floor of the church shows traces of Kosmatenarbeiten.
The Marie paintings of the high altar of 1636 is attributed to Gian Lorenzo Bernini. But his authorship is not certain.
Buried in the church are Joseph Bonaparte and Lucien Bonaparte (left side) with other family members, continue Teobaldo Antonio, a friend of Raphael; he died in 1547, his tomb dates from the 18th century (left aisle ).
Lower Church
In the basement of the church remains of earlier buildings are seen on the walls frescos of the 8th, 9th and 10th century. In the fourth underground room, frescoes of the 8th century; theme is the life of St Erasmus. The frescoes are created ikononographisch, they are, for example, in addition to those of San Saba is an example of the strong influence of ostmediterraner art at that time.