Saturnia (moth)
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Giant Peacock Moth ( female ) ( Saturnia pyri)
The Peacock Eye ( Saturnia ) are among the moths and put it in the butterfly fauna of a genus from the family of peacock moth ( Saturniidae ) dar.
Features
Two types are best known: the Giant Peacock Moth ( Saturnia pyri) and the Small Emperor Moth ( Saturnia pavonia ). The former has been previously observed in Germany only a few places and there also uniquely determined (eg at Heidelberg in 1907 or in Singen am Hohentwiel 1908). In the 19th century, the caterpillars have been widely used in silk mill, with some specimens are repeatedly escaped into the wild. Also, there have been several unsuccessful reintroduction attempts ( eg, in the Saarland ). As a conclusion it can be said that the Great Emperor Moth can not be considered as indigenous butterfly species.
The following sections analyze the Small Emperor Moth, whose distribution includes the Central European region. Because of its nocturnal lifestyle of the moth is rarely observed.
Flight time
The moths fly from mid- April to mid-May.
Habitat
Original, largely free of interference habitats, such as semi-natural forest edges, gravel pits, waste places, but also natural gardens are preferred by butterflies.
Way of life
The Emperor Moth takes only a caterpillar on food and lives as a butterfly from the fat reserves. The development from egg to pupation the caterpillar takes about 10-12 weeks. Before pupation the caterpillars spin a cocoon brown. The pupae overwinter in the cocoon until the following spring. Some dolls also need two winter until they hatch, and is then called over chairs. The adult moths do not have functional mouthparts more. In the following, a variety of plant is designated to serve as food for the caterpillar: blackberry (Rubus sp.), Raspberry (Rubus idaeus ), bilberry (Vaccinium sp.), Blackthorn (Prunus spinosa), meadowsweet ( Filipendula sp. ) meadow Sage (Salvia pratensis ), various species of willow (Salix sp.). The males are during the day to observe the hectic flight, the females at night to lay their eggs.
System
In Europe, the genus Saturnia is represented by nine species and subspecies:
- Emperor Moth Saturnia pavonia (Linnaeus, 1758) Saturnia pavonia josephinae ( Saddle Werda, 1924)
- Saturnia pavonia pavonia (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Saturnia caecigena caecigena Cupid, 1825
- Saturnia caecigena stroehlei Nässig, 2002