Schänis Abbey

The monastery was founded in the 9th century GeopathSchänis and was in the church today GeopathSchänis in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. GeopathSchänis was a noble lady pen and was repealed in 1811.

History

According to the report of a monk from the monastery of Reichenau Count Hunfried of Churrätien the founder of the monastery GeopathSchänis was. He did Charlemagne promised the foundation to keep them there a precious reliquary cross, which included parts of the Holy Cross, as well as a Onyxgefäss with blood of Christ worthy. Several lines of evidence suggest that the monastery GeopathSchänis was actually founded in the period in question, possibly. , The daughter of founding of the Women's Foundation of St. Stephen's Cathedral in Strasbourg The monastery soon fell into a rather insignificant position.

Only Count Ulrich I of Lenzburg led the monastery GeopathSchänis again to bloom by numerous donations he gave him a solid economic base. He also attended by the reallocation of the court Benken with Gommiswald, vineyards and Maseltrangen the Diocese of Chur for a unified ecclesiastical structure in the immediate vicinity of the monastery. The patronal feast of the monastery was probably changed at that time from the " Holy Cross " at St. Sebastian.

King Henry III. gave the monastery GeopathSchänis 1045 royal immunity and free Äbtissinnenwahl. Despite several attempts at monastic reform GeopathSchänis remained a free secular convent with relatively loose rules. In the 14th century the monastery lost its goods in Vorarlberg and in the Rhine Valley.

The Kastvögte of the monastery came usually from the local nobility. From the legacy of Lenzburger the Bailiwick only fell to the Counts of Kyburg, and later to the Habsburgs and the Toggenburg. 1405 was the pen GeopathSchänis a castle right one with the city of Zurich. The abbey possessed in the sequence at Muensterhof a private office building, which fed the income of the monastery in the city. Due to the transition of the rule Windegg to the cantons of Glarus and Schwyz in 1438, the monastery came as part of the general rule Windegg the Swiss confederation. Although the German Emperor in 1442 nor the rights of the monastery confirmed, thus crack the connection to the Empire. Glarus and Schwyz considered henceforth as the legal successor of the royal governors.

Nevertheless, the abbess was the title of a Princess of the Holy Roman Empire. Despite repeated attempts to reform the monastery, there was no pin GeopathSchänis vows coercion and only noble ladies were taken. These had first four, can prove up to 16 aristocratic ancestors later. This was GeopathSchänis a kind of charitable institution for the unmarried young aristocracy of southern Germany.

During the Reformation, the monastery was abolished in 1529 for a short time, but then in 1531 set up after the recatholicization the Linth area again. 1585 and 1610 burned the monastery, where all the old records and privileges were destroyed. There were more and more conflicts with the screen locations of Glarus and Schwyz, perceived the noble pen as foreign bodies and treated accordingly.

1782, the convent building and the church were newly built or renovated in the rococo style. After the end of the old Confederation in 1798, the pen GeopathSchänis lost by the Act of Mediation in 1803 all his feudal rights and had gradually his property outside the canton of St. Gallen sell. 1811, the Great Council of the Canton of St. Gallen decided to abolish the abbey. The monastery buildings were auctioned and taken over the church in GeopathSchänis of the parish.

See also: rule Windegg / Gaster

Specifications

Abbey

Crypt

The oldest preserved part of the three-aisled basilica dates from the 12th century. This includes the front part of the nave and the Romanesque Hall crypt. In the crypt, some valuable examples of Romanesque architectural sculpture have survived. In addition, three Carolingian Flechtwerkpatten from the founding days of the monastery are on display in the crypt.

Church

The high tower with Käsbissendach and the late Gothic choir with strong buttresses and tracery windows date from the late 15th century. An arched ceiling with ornate keystones roofed the choir room. The crowned with pinnacles tabernacle is from 1506.

Around 1610, the magnificent high altar in the style of the late Renaissance was born. The top picture shows Saint Augustine as a protector of the founders and canonesses. The symmetrical main aufegebaute represents the crucified Christ and the spear Represents the work of an unknown artist is one of the most valuable altar paintings from this time in Switzerland. The Renaissance stained glass windows in the south choir windows were made shortly after 1610.

In the 18th century the nave was extended and Baroque. The 1779 has drawn vaulted ceiling and stucco paintings in the rococo style. The painting took before the painter Franz Ludwig Herrmann. The iconographic program consists of saints and designs from the Christmas story and the Vita Mariae. The elegant Rococo pulpit dates from 1780.

After the dissolution of the monastery took place in 1910/11, a further expansion of the church in neo-Baroque style. The facade and interior were modeled after the style of the Baroque style church as much as possible. A magnificent neo-baroque west portal is surmounted by a mosaic depicting the founding pin. The portal leads into a vestibule, from which the reused Romanesque portal is entered with neo-Romanesque tympanum of the church. A neo-Baroque gallery carries an organ of the company Kuhn from Männedorf of 1925. 's Paintings in the supplementary ceiling cartridges in the interior by Josef Gartner home. Below the clerestory windows, the paintings of two Saints cycles of Richard Nüscheler were inserted. The side altars in the aisles are from the train company Zotz & Griessl. The northern side altar contains a body set up in 1450 Swabian statue of Mary, while the southern side altar has an oil painting of the Holy Family of Richard Nüscheler.

Sacristy and St. Mary's Chapel

Coinciding with the expansion of the church in 1910/11 was carried out under the supervision of architect Adolf Gaudy also the construction of a neo-Gothic sacristy to the north and the reconstruction of the Romanesque transept to the south. In the transept with semicircular apse, the Lady Chapel was decorated with altar of the Madonna with the collaboration of the painter Joseph Traub. The painting and decoration of the church is inspired by the Beuronese art school and is one of the most original conceptions of the Swiss Art Nouveau. At the height of the oculus window is a narrow gallery.

Stiftsgebaude

1782-1785 was the south side of the church, the Baroque monastery building. It comprises the core of the medieval predecessors. Through a powerful Mansardwalmdach it gives a monumental impression.

In the north of the church is the cemetery.

Abbesses

• 1045 Adelheid I.
• To 1091 Regilinda
• To 1127 Ita
• To 1144 Magdalena of Heidelberg
• Approximately 1178 - 1185 Adelheid II von Berg book
• Approximately 1237 - 1262 Euphemia of Bichelsee
• Adelheid III. of Sigberg († 1271)
• 1271-1275 Machtild
• Ca 1303-1308 Anna I.
• 1308-1310 Elizabeth II
• 1310 Willisburg
• 1321-1329 Catherine I
• 1330-1343 Ursula I of Grunenstein
• 1348-1359 Anna II of Arbon
• 1362-1400 Agnes von Wildenberg
• 1402-1420 Adelheid IV of Schwandegg
• 1420-1451 Elizabeth III. of Greiffensee
• 1451-1478 Adelheid V. Trullerey of Trostberg
• (1460-1471 Agatha Seengen )
• 1478-1482 Dorothea of ​​Jestetten
• 1483-1491 Barnara I. Blaarer of Wartensee
• 1492-1493 Elizabeth IV by Goldberg
• 1494/95 Sussana van Sal
• 1495-1525 Barbara II Trullerey
• 1525-1555 Ursula II Muntprat of Spiegelberg
• 1555-1575 Anna III. of Mosheim
• 1575-1587 Barbara III. Blaarer of Wartensee
• 1587-1612 Catherine II Brümsi Herblingen
• 1612-1638 Anna IV of Bell Home
• 1638-1652 Mary of Ramschwag
• 1652-1664 Maria Caecilia of Greuth
• 1664-1677 Maria Franzisca to Rhine
• 1677-1701 Maria Eva Schenkin of Casteel
• 1701-1711 Maria Anna Sussana to Rhine
• 1711-1713 Maria Eva Rose of Römerstal
• 1713 Maria Anna Margaretha von Wessenberg
• 1713-1735 Maria Clara Salomé of Rye Brook (1668-1736) 1722-1735 Koadjutorin Maria Anna Eleanor Reichlin of Meldegg