Schoenus nigricans
Black head Ried ( Schoenus nigricans )
The black head Ried ( Schoenus nigricans ), also called head rush, belongs to the family of the Sedge family ( Cyperaceae ). It is a distinctive plant calcareous but nutrient-poor and dry soils.
Distribution and location
The black head Ried is native to Europe, Middle East and Central Asia, Africa and America. It grows in Kalkflachmooren, to banks, in Molinia meadows on wet, more or less clayey, calcareous tufa and peat soils.
Description
The black head Ried is a perennial, overwintering green Hemikryptophyt. The bins like plant reaches heights of growth between 20 and 80 centimeters and increases in operating range and solid nests, which in turn can form dense lawn. The round, blue to gray- green stems grow rigidly upright, later drooping and are leafy only at the base. The leaf sheaths are long, black or yellow-brown and shiny. The leaves are very narrow borstlich and rough. The bottom of one to two bracts dominates the inflorescence significantly.
The terminal inflorescence consists of five to 20 like the head of the contracted, short -stalked, two to siebenblütigen spikelets. The spikelets are lanceolate and 8 to 12 millimeters long. The individual flowers are hermaphroditic, the upper ones are sometimes male. You wear one to six short, hairy, brownish Perigonborsten. These are much shorter than the fruit. The husks are arranged in two rows. They are lanceolate, pointed and strongly keeled, dyed black brown and reach a length of 5-7 mm. The keel and the back are rough. The stylus is thickened at the base. The white fruit is truncated triangular and up to 1.5 mm long.
Ecology
The black head Ried is a full light plant. Its ecological focus is on calcareous, poor in nitrogen to nitrogen poorest, wet, often flooded soils. Pollination of flowers and spread the seeds carried by the wind, but the fruits are also spread by animals.
The black head Ried occurs in different lime transitional moor companies. Typical companion of the black head Ried in Schoenetum nigricantis W. Koch 1926 ( = Orchido Schoenetum nigricantis Oberd. 1957) are the marsh helleborine ( Epipactis palustris), the Armblütige bulrush ( Eleocharis quinqueflora ), the broadleaf cotton grass ( Eriophorum latifolium ) and the Common fat (Pinguicula vulgaris). If the black head Ried together with its sister, the Auburn head Ried ( Schoenus ferrugineus ) on two species often form a hybrid that bastard head Ried ( Schoenus x intermedius ), which then usually more common than its parent species occurs.