School of thought

In science we speak of a scientific school or school when scientists thought the tradition or the operation of a major predecessor to follow or when scientists work together similar orientation.

Examples of educations

One speaks in the traditional humanities and social sciences, especially in philosophy and theology, of scientific schools.

In philosophy, especially the Frankfurt School was known in the second half of the 20th century, which represented a " critical theory " of society in philosophy and sociology. As Erlanger different school of thought are called, have arisen at the University of Erlangen, especially the Methodological constructivism in the philosophy of science. At the turn of the 19th to the 20th century played in the German philosophy with the Marburg School and the Southwest German school two competing forms of neo-Kantianism a special role.

Philosophical schools are named after the most prominent representative of the tradition of thought about the Kantian and neo-Kantian, Hegelian, neo-Hegelians Young Hegelians and as well as the philosophical and political groupings of the Marxists, Leninists and Trotskyists.

In literary studies, in particular, is the Constance School of importance.

The law has brought about the Historical School.

More recently, a variety of schools have formed in psychology and psychotherapy. Their names are often derived from the respective central theoretical approach (see Lück / Sewz 2007).

As usual, the term "school" is in relation to science, is demonstrated by the expression Viennese School, which refers to eight schools in six disciplines, schools of visual art and music not included.

Further scientific schools are named after their Universitätsort about how the Bielefeld school, the Leipzig School and the Tübingen school, as well as outside the German-speaking area as the École de Paris and the École de Lille. But to include the educations are also groups such as the Vienna Circle.

Functions of the school education

Education in science may be different due to and inhibit innovation impact - such as when members of such school support in quotation cartels or during the occupation of chairs. The historically hesitant reappraisal of the role of scientists in the Third Reich was partly due also to the fact that academic student investigated to prevent damage to the reputation of their teacher especially in questionable involvement in National Socialism.

Swell

• H. E. Lück / G. Sewz: United in Diversity. In: Brain and mind, Issue 4/ 2007.

• Science