Seamless robe of Jesus
The Holy Rock is a relic which is kept in the Cathedral of Trier and fragments of the tunic of Jesus Christ is to contain. The authenticity of the Holy Robe is controversial. Its eventful history and its sometimes unfavorable storage conditions resulted in a textile archaeological survey in 1973/74 the origin and age could not be determined exactly.
- 4.1 Ecumenical aspects since 1996
Legend
According to John's Gospel the robes of Jesus after his crucifixion were divided into four parts and distributed among the Roman soldiers. The undergarment or the " ephod " (gr. χιτών ) but was not shared, but were randomly assigned to one of the soldiers, as it " woven from above and without seam" was (Jn 19.23 to 24 EU). The Gospel of John provides explicitly as Old Testament fulfillment quote out and cites the otherwise important in the New Testament passion narratives Ps 22,19 EU.
According to tradition, to the hl. Have brought to Trier Helena, mother of Constantine the Great, the Holy Robe. This claim sources of the 12th century, which are in connection with the medieval Trier Church policy and the associated dominance and power requirements.
History
The Holy Robe was first documented in the high altar consecrated on 1 May 1196 as Archbishop Johann I in the newly constructed east choir of the Trier cathedral and the relic included therein. The Diocese of Trier trumped with this Fund competing Prüm Abbey, which was related to the Pippi 's donation since 752 owned by the sandals of Christ. An early literary reference is found in the epic poem Orendel (formed in 1190 ).
When Emperor Maximilian I came to Trier on the occasion of the Reichstag in 1512, he demanded to see the Holy Robe. Archbishop Richard of Greiffenklau could be opened in presence of the emperor, and many bishops and prelates of the altar. After a memorial service for the deceased wife of the Emperor Maximilian I., the citizens demanded loudly that they would be shown the skirt. The cathedral chapter was - so it show contemporary woodcuts - build a loggia on the west apse of the cathedral, from which as from 30 June several so-called " Zeigungen " took place. Until 1517 then found a year pilgrimages to " Holy Rock" to Trier. At the direction of Pope Leo X. pilgrimages should then be made in agreement with the Aachen pilgrimages. So the next dates were set in seven- year cycles: 1524; 1531; 1538 to 1545. Due to military conflicts and unrest reformationsbedinger the rhythm was initially suspended, then set.
The Holy Robe was kept from 1628 to 1794 with some interruptions, for a total of more than 140 years on the Ehrenbreitstein in Koblenz. There, placed him on May 4, 1765 Bishop John IX. Philipp von Walderdorff solemnly and led a pilgrimage. The last Trier Elector Clemens Wenceslaus took the relic to Augsburg, they did not return until 1810 back to Trier.
Protestant criticism
The Reformation exerted massive criticism of the veneration of relics and pilgrimages, especially to the pilgrimages to the Holy Robe in Trier. Martin Luther expressed himself in his " warning to the dear Germans " from 1546 in review on the pilgrimage of the year 1545: "How is it defected to the pilgrimages! [ ... ] What þæt alone the new ripped to Trier, with Christ Rock? What has here the devil large fair held in the world, and sold as countless false miracles? [ ... ] And that's the Allerärgest that they have the people deceived herewith and drawn by Christ to trust to such lies and build ... " The Geneva Reformer John Calvin called the relic worship " idolatry ".
Material
The state of the relic is now difficult to determine. The actual tissue has been surrounded with various layers of fabric, as you saw on the occasion of Zeigungen forced to repairs and protective measures to. The fabrics are of different ages and partially damaged, fragmented or glued together. At its core is an incomplete fibrous, about the shape and composition is unclear.
An ecclesiastical commission of inquiry on the experts as the cleric Alexander Schnütgen and Stephan Beissel participated in was 1890, the brownish material for " linen or cotton ."
The Diocese of Trier describes the condition of the relic, relying on the expertise of Mechthild Flury- Lemberg, textile historian from Berne, on his website in 2012 as follows:
" The continuous plies of the front part of the tunic exist today, Seen from the inside out, red-brown silk satin, tulle from brownish and greenish from Taft. This taffeta has a circulation of old fabric fragments that are joined by gum tragacanth. The back part is made of reddish-brown silk satin, tulle brownish, fine silk gauze, a layer of felt, greenish taffeta, a further layer of felt and silk gauze. It is assumed that the wool fibers, which form a part contiguous, partly crumbling felt today represent the core fabric. Its age can not be determined accurately. Overall, the garment has completely lost its textile surface. "
Pilgrimages
Pilgrimages to the issued saints rock found so far in the years 1512, 1513, 1514, 1515, 1516, 1517, 1524, 1531, 1538, 1545, 1655, 1765 ( Koblenz ), 1810, 1844, 1891, 1933, 1959, 1996 and 2012 instead.
In 1810, the Holy Robe was issued for 18 days on the occasion of his return from Augsburg and revered by over 220,000 pilgrims. To Trier pilgrimage of 1844 were more than a million pilgrims in the seven weeks. This technical drawing led to violent public debate. She was the trigger for Otto von Corvin anticlerical book Pfaff mirror and Rudolf Loewenstein's satirical poem Baroness von Droste- Vischering to the holy rock to Trier went in Kladderadatsch. The priest Johannes Ronge mocked in a protest letter to the Bishop of Trier about the fact that most pilgrims just simple people were " from the lowly classes of people, anyway, pressed in great poverty, ignorant, dull, superstitious and degenerate in part ". The pilgrimage of the relic he denounced as " idolatry " to. This led to his excommunication and establishing the German Catholic Church.
In 1891, the Bishop Michael Felix Korum was in press releases in Rome, Paris, London and Cairo on the Trier Holy Robe Pilgrimage, exclaiming written. The pilgrimage had become an ecclesial event of international standing. There were nearly two million pilgrims.
1933 on the occasion of the Holy Year, the exhibition, which was held under the construction management of the cathedral architect Julius Wirtz, instead of the Holy Rocks immediately after the conclusion of the Reich Concordat from July 23 to September 8. About two million pilgrims saw the relic. As of 19 July to 20 September 1959, the Holy Robe was issued, saw him 1.8 million pilgrims. In 1996, the pilgrimage under the motto " With Jesus Christ on the way " around 700,000 pilgrims to Treves.
Since 1996, the diocese of Trier also produces an annual " Holy Robe Days", ten -day events in the manner of a regional Katholikentag. The Holy Robe is not issued, however, visitors of the Trier Cathedral commit during the Holy Robe days a sanctuary chamber, in the center of the shrine is located with the secured through several layers of glass and wood relic. 2011 accounted for the Holy Robe days. Instead, started from 6 May 2011, the year of spiritual preparation for the pilgrimage in 2012.
On the occasion of the 500th anniversary of the first technical drawing of the Holy Robe Trier in 1512 at the Diet of the Holy Robe Pilgrimage 2012 took place from 13 April to 13 May 2012 under the motto " And lead together what is separated " numerous pilgrims invited to Trier. The theme of the pilgrimage was the "little pilgrimage prayer " taken, which is since 1959 integral part of the prayer of the Good Trierischer church.
In the afternoon of the 13th of April, during a Pontifikalamtes in the Great Cathedral in Trier, led by the papal envoy Cardinal Marc Ouellet, of a message of Pope Benedict XVI. brought, the shrine of the Holy Rocks unveiling, which was open to the public until the evening of May 13. By the end of the pilgrimage about 550,000 pilgrims made their way to Trier. When is the next Holy Robe Pilgrimage will take place is uncertain. Can be speculated about in 2033, the 2000th year of the crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus Christ.
Ecumenical aspects since 1996
Because of the mottos of the pilgrimage in 2012 invited the Bishop of Trier, Hermann Josef Spital, 1996 to make the former president of the Evangelical Church in the Rhineland, Peter Beier, a getting together on the way. Präses Beier accepted the invitation and even composed a song for pilgrims of the Holy Robe Pilgrimage.
The Bishop of Trier, Stephan Ackermann, forbore to solicit the approval of an indulgence in Rome to facilitate evangelical Christians to participate in the Holy Robe Pilgrimage. Thus, the Evangelical Church in the Rhineland has been involved in many ways to the Holy Robe Pilgrimage 2012.