Seventeenth of Tammuz

Shiva Assar beTammus or the 17th of Tammuz (Hebrew שבעה עשר בתמוז ) is a Jewish fast day, is at the breakthrough, thought by the Jerusalem city wall, which was preceded by the destruction of the First and Second Temples. It is celebrated on the 17th day of the Jewish month of Tammuz. The 17th of Tammuz begins 40 days after the Jewish Feast of Weeks Shavuot the mourning period of three weeks.

The Jewish tradition, according to Moses spent 40 days after Shavuot at Mount Sinai, where he was the boards were passed with the Ten Commandments. However, the Israelites created during these 40 days the Golden Calf. Angered Moses smashed the tablets. This event is commemorated also on the 17th of Tammuz.

The fast day Shiva Assar beTammus ( " Tammuz 17 "), which begins with the dawn, is the first of the enumerated in the Bible fast days:

Fast of Tammuz 17 ( breakthrough of the wall of Jerusalem under Titus ): In memory of the storming of Jerusalem 586 BCE by Babylonian besiegers and the first beaten in the city walls of Jerusalem breach, with which began the physical destruction. Judah was occupied, deported the Jews to Babylonia and stole the stamping device. In the history of the Jewish people of 17.Tammus is a day of visitation. According to Jewish teachings, inter alia passed the following events on this day: Breaking the Tablets of the Law by Moses, setting the constant victim during the siege of Jerusalem, enclosing the city, burning of the Torah by the Greek army commander Apostemos, installation of idol image in the temple by King Manasseh.

Lent begins at dawn. The " three weeks," beginning with the 17th of Tammuz and ending the 9th of Av, the so-called " day in the midst of tribulation ," while the one mourns the destruction of the First and the Second Temple. During these days, the signs of mourning are increasing more and more, culminating in the 9th of Av.

Inter alia not shaved you look, does not cut his hair, does not go out to have fun or to entertain; No weddings, no meat or wine enjoyment. In the week of the 9th of Av in addition no bathing for pleasure, it moves into a new apartment and buys new clothes. The Havdalah wine, which is forbidden to adults on this day, drinking a little kid.

Literature (selection )

• Israel M. Lau: How Jews live. Faith - everyday - Fixed. 7th edition. Gütersloher publishing house, Gütersloh 2008, ISBN 978-3-579-02155-3.

Rosh Hashanah | The Ten Days of Repentance and conversion | Fast of Gedaliah | Yom Kippur | Sukkot | Hoshana Rabba | Shemini Atzeret | Simchat Torah | Chanukah | Assara beTevet | Tu biSchevat | Esther Fasting | Purim | Fast of the Firstborn | Passover | counting of the Omer | lag baomer | Shavuot | 17th of Tammuz, and The Three Weeks | Tisha beav | Tu B'Av

• Festivals and traditions (Judaism )
• Fasting (Judaism )