Shell Haven
Shell Haven was a port on the north bank of the Thames estuary in the eastern corner of the county Thurrock, Essex, England and a former petroleum refinery. The refinery was closed in 1999 and sold after the dismantling of the plants at DP World, in May 2007, the building permit for the project " London Gateway ", a deep-water container port received.
History
Shell Haven first appeared on June 10, 1667 on in Samuel Pepys diary.
The place is mentioned in the history books and Shell Haven, was originally a narrow bay on the north bank of the River Thames, about a mile west of Canvey Iceland. Here was the mouth of Shell Haven Creek, a stream which runs to the east and south of the village Fobbing and once the Corringham Marsh separated from the Fobbing Marsh. To the east lay Shell Haven House. The sources are not quite sure, when Shell Haven was first associated with the oil industry; the first issue of a statement issued by the Ordnance Survey map of the early 19th century has made an oil mill in the vicinity of Shell Haven Creek. Also, although Shell Haven was more than 80 years the site of a large refinery from Shell Oil Company - however, there is no evidence that the company has derived its name from this place.
In the 1850s, a branch line of the London, Tilbury and Southend Railway ( LT & SR ) became a new port called Thames Haven (also called Thames Haven ) built, which is immediately west of Shell Haven. Probably the name of Shell Haven would have disappeared into obscurity if Thames Haven would flourish, and when the Shell Oil Company would not have been looking for a place for their refinery.
1895 bought the company Kynoch ammunition the east of Shell Haven Creek located Borley farm to create explosives there. The opening of the factory and a small settlement for the employees of the company named Kynochtown was 1897. Kynoch also founded the Corringham Light Railway (CLR ) and built a Passagierzugstrecke from the factory after Corringham, Essex and a freight route to the LT & SR at Thames Haven. The munitions factory was closed in 1919. The grounds and the railway operations were taken over by the coal merchants Cory Brothers Ltd of Cardiff, who built a mineral bearing here and there Kynochtown renamed Coryton. From the oil depot was later the Coryton Refinery, which was then operated first from mobile and from 1950 by various other companies, and which is still in operation today.
The actual history of Shell Oil Shell Haven began in the form of the Asiatic Petroleum Company Ltd.. This trade mission was entered before the founding of the Royal Dutch Shell as a joint venture of the Dutch Royal Dutch Petroleum and the British Shell Transport and Trading Company in the commercial register. The issued license in 1912 was on the " storage of maximum 80,000 tons of petroleum at the site Shell Haven in iron tank containers whose capacity is limited to 4,000 tons each ." The refining business began in 1916 with the construction of a 40-acre distillation plant for fuel for the British Admiralty. 1919, the plant was converted to produce bitumen for road surfaces. In 1925 a plant for the production of lubricating oils was built and in 1937 the first high-viscosity oils were produced.
Even before the outbreak of the Second World War, more plants were put into operation, including a mixing plant for plant chemicals.
The refineries and tank farms of Thames Haven, Coryton and Shell Haven were during the air raids on England an easy striking target and were particularly badly damaged in September 1940 in the Battle of Britain.
1946 an installation for the production of high quality paraffin for candles, paper etc., is added in order. The expansion of the refinery began in 1947 on a 400 -acre, west of the original refinery in the terrain. The Executive Board of Shell Petroleum Co Ltd announced in 1948 the green light for the construction of a large new refinery, which was designed mainly for the processing of crude oils from Kuwait.
The plant comprised
- A crude oil distillation with a capacity of 6000 tons of Kuwaiti crude oil per day and the plant designation was CDU1 ( Crude Oil Distillation Unit 1 ),
- A high-vacuum distillation with a capacity of 3500 tons of Long Residue called HVU for CCF (high vacuum unit for cat cracker feed)
- A Visbreaker with a capacity of 1200 tons per day of naphtha,
- A Gasoline Doctor Treater for desulfurization
- Three 17 bar steam boiler with a saltwater suitable flow cooling system
And went into operation in 1950.
Gradually, more plants were then added, which should win from the distillation residues quality hydrocarbons. So a platformer in 1956 put into operation and in the same year a petrochemical plant for the production of aromatics, the basic chemical of household detergents. A second crude distillation unit was commissioned in 1959 and 1967, a second platformer. A plant for the hydrodesulfurization was built in 1972 and 1977, a third reformer. In 1979, a hydrocracker to to increase the proportions of light distillates. Finally, in 1981 adopted a new bitumen plant on their work.
By providing substantial financial resources was 1992, the ' Minus' naphtha complex to be built, which included an isomerization, a benzene recovery and a gas turbine for power generation. In addition, a new control room was built.
The plant had reached a capacity of 4.6 million tons per year and extended over an area of eight square kilometers, which was accompanied by a length of the boundary fence of 27 kilometers. The refinery had its own power plant, its own fire brigade and other emergency facilities. Then there were five cranes, which were suitable for tankers up to 300,000 tonnes. The products have been associated with road tankers by ship and through the UK pipeline network to the consumers.
From one day to the other, the refinery was decommissioned in 1999. A small team of skilled workers and engineers remained still for a few years at the site to coordinate the dismantling of the industrial system and monitor. The plants in the refinery Shell Haven have been completely scrapped, with the exception of bitumen system and some storage tanks. The two hydrocracker the Rhineland refinery were transferred in July 2004 in the work Godorf where they were added to an already existing ensemble of four identical reactors since 2005 and are back in service.
Current usage
The site was founded in 2006, acquired by DP World, one of the world's largest port operator. The acquisition took place simultaneously with the purchase of reputable shipping company P & O. In May 2007, DP World won the contract for the plan, in Shell Haven a large deep-water port, known under the name " London Gateway " to build. In addition to the new harbor plans included the construction of one of the largest logistics centers in Europe with strategic links to London, the South East and the rest of the UK. In May 2008, adopted the British Department for Transport ( Department for Transport ) Harbour Empowerment Order, a regulation for London Gateway, which gave an official and legal framework of the new harbor and London Gateway rose to the rank of authority. DP World is now required to invest over 1.5 billion pounds in the next 10 to 15 years in the development of the new port.
As a final conditioning of the old Shell Haven refinery bitumen plant was started in 2010 out of service.
Crude oil distillation
HVU - conditioning
Control room
High torch
Cooling water pump house
HCU Reactor
Outside plot during the decommissioning