Sibirskaya Nuclear Power Plant
The Nuclear plant Tomsk ( also Chemical Combine Tomsk [ Federal State Unitary Enterprise Siberian Chemical Combine, short SCK ] ) is a state-owned chemical plant, which was established on 26 March 1949. The nuclear plant is known by the set up specially for the power plant city also known as Tomsk -7.
History
Purpose and reason why one 1949, a chemical plant built, was the arms race of nuclear weapons. It was hoped that quickly and effectively here to manufacture the components for Soviet nuclear bombs. On August 7, 1953, the first product was manufactured. This product was U235. In the 1960s, the production was changed to gain fuel for the Soviet nuclear power plants. Today there are seven works in the Combine operation. Among other things, an isotope separation plant, a Sublimatwerk, radio chemical plant, a chemical- metallurgical plant, a reactor plant, a machine shop, a water plant, a thermal power station and some other side departments. The CHP plant supplies energy for the adjacent city Sewersk. The power plant components are no longer needed from the AST reactor core heating Gorky, whose construction was canceled, were used for Tomsk -7.
Reactors
The best known are probably the five reactors of the plant of the type ADE. All five reactors are now shut down. Gradually, the equipment resources are exploited in other electrical centers and enterprises of Tomsk. After reviews of experts, the power generation capacity decreases over the next 8-10 years to 750 megawatts, or 67%.
The shutdown of the ADE -4 in April 2008, based on a Russian-American intergovernmental agreement on the cessation of production of plutonium in reactors ADE -4 and ADE -5 in the city Zheleznogorsk ( Krasnoyarsk region, Siberia ), which on 12 March was signed in 2003.
The complete dismantling of the industrial reactor will require several years.
The last industrial reactor of the type ADE -5 was shut down on June 5, 2008.
Incidents and accidents
- On 30 January 1963, came into a collection by the intrusion of a uranyl nitrate solution to a chain reaction.
- Were on 6 April 1993 in the reprocessing plant, which was a priority used for the production of weapons-grade plutonium by an explosion large amounts va short-lived radioactive materials are released (according to IAEA advance the relatively highly radiotoxic ruthenium and niobium and zirconium, but also in smaller quantities in other nuclide species such as plutonium). The accident happened during the cleaning process, a reaction vessel with nitric acid. In episode one hundred and twenty square kilometers in area Sewersk were contaminated (also known as Tomsk -7 known). The accident was classified on the International Nuclear Event Scale evaluation with the step 2-4 and denoted by TIME magazine as "one of the world 's worst nuclear disasters ".
- On 28 April 2005, the reactor ADE - 4 by the Notschutzsystem was shut down automatically.