Silane

• Hydrogensilicon
• Silakan
• Silicon hydride
• Silane

Colorless gas with a disagreeable odor

Gaseous

1.35 g · l-1 (1013 hPa, 15 ° C)

-185 ° C

-112 ° C

Soluble under hydrolysis in water

Risk

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Monosilane is the simplest representative of the silanes ( also called silicon hydrides ), and thus the silicon analogue of methane, CH4. It has - in contrast to methane - an unpleasant smell repulsive.

Chemical Properties

Monosilane is highly flammable and pyrophoric, ie mono-silane ignites on contact with air escaping Monosilane itself can not be deleted. During combustion silica and water vapor.

In water at a pH above 7 is silanes decompose to silica and hydrogen:

Under air and moisture Monosilane is stable up to about 300 ° C. In a decay occurs in silicon and hydrogen.

The UN number of Monosilane 2203, the Label 2.1.

Production of monosilane

Monosilane can be prepared in the laboratory by the reaction of magnesium silicide with hydrochloric acid. Industrial production method is based on the hydrogenation of silicon tetrachloride with lithium in lithium chloride / potassium chloride eutectic

Or on the dismutation of hydrogenchlorosilanes, such as trichlorosilane.

Use

Monosilane is used for the deposition of silicon - silicon oxide and silicon nitride. Therefore monosilane is used mainly in the manufacture of semiconductors or in the production of solar cells.