Smoky Bush Tyrant

The Rußbuschtyrann ( Myiotheretes fumigatus ) or sometimes only Rußtyrann is a species of bird in the tyrant flycatcher family ( Tyrannidae ). The species has a large distribution area, which includes the South American countries of Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. The stock is assessed by the IUCN as endangered not (Least Concern ).

Features

The Rußbuschtyrann reaches a body length of about 20 centimeters. The plumage is uniformly colored with a sooty brown. He has a short whitish eyebrow line, above the eyes. Also at the throat, there are sticky whitish streaks. The wings and tail are rußfarben. The elytra have thin brown-yellow margins. The small coverts and the inner tail feathers are cinnamon.

Distribution and habitat

The species occurs in moist mountain forests and forest edges near the timberline at altitudes 2000-3800 meters in front. Here he moves in the middle strata of subtropical to temperate zones. In a little more open and higher area it is replaced by the strip -throated Bush Tyrant ( Myiotheretes striaticollis ).

Behavior

When you see the bird foraging alone or in small groups. Rarely can you find him in mixed flocks. Looking for booty he studied mainly leaves, epiphytes and moss overgrown twigs and branches. He rarely captures its food in flight or on the ground.

Subspecies

There are four described subspecies, which differ mainly in their coloring and their area of ​​distribution:

  • Myiotheretes fumigatus fumigatus ( Boissonneau, 1840) - nominate. Comes in Colombia before except in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta and in northern Ecuador.
  • Myiotheretes fumigatus olivaceus ( Phelps, Sr & Phelps, Jr, 1953) - If, in contrast to nominate an indistinct pale gray eyebrow. The under tail-coverts are brownish. The distribution area extends from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta to the West of Venezuela in the forest reserve Serranía de los Motilones near the 3750 -meter-high Cerro Tetari, in the west of the state of Zulia, and the Río Chiquito in the south of Táchira.
  • Myiotheretes fumigatus lugubris ( Berlepsch, 1883) - Differs in color just by color of pale yellow-brown undertail coverts. Comes in the Andes of western Venezuela from the south to the north of Trujillo before Táchira.
  • Myiotheretes fumigatus cajamarcae ( Chapman, 1927) - Has slightly less brown in plumage than the nominate form. So, the overall impression is a bit dark -colored and not olive-brown. This is especially noticeable on the belly and under tail-coverts. Throat is a little less ocher. Present in southern Ecuador the province Cañar to Cuzco in southern Peru.

Naming

Auguste Boissonneau described this bush tyrant initially Tyrannula fumigata. The name fumigata is derived from the Latin word prima ( = the smoke).

Genus William Henry Phelps William H. Phelps, Jr. Trujillo (state) Cusco (Region)
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