Social Security number
A Social Security number is composed of letters or numerals personal identifiers for identification in the social security system.
In principle, social security numbers are in all states with functioning social security systems used. Construction and uses, however, differ from each other.
- 2.1 United States
- 2.2 United Kingdom
- 2.3 Canada
German-speaking
Germany
In the Federal Republic of Germany is not a valid social security number for all social security systems exist. This data protection reasons. Therefore, different insurance numbers are processed, for example, in health insurance and pension insurance. In the limited scope, however, the pension insurance number, which is noted in the social security card (example: 65 170 839 008 J ) was used as a social security number.
In the GDR, the twelve-digit personal identification number (Example: 281 207 430 153 ) was also used for identification in the social security system.
Austria
In Austria, a number is followed by the six -digit date of birth (Example: 123X 01 01 80). It has been awarded since the 1990s, at birth, in front until the first exhibition. The number includes the first three digits of a serial number ( serial number), which starts from 100. The fourth digit in the example above, the X, is a check digit, which is calculated from the other digits. This results in about 800 per birthday social security numbers, which provides a day sufficient number of combinations available in the normal case for Austria. In special situations, this number requirement per day but not enough and in these cases, a birth date with days over 31 months and is registered over 12, which sometimes leads to confusion. These situations primarily relate mostly immigrants who do not know her exact date of birth or can not prove and, therefore, whose birthday is set to the 1 January and 1 June of the year of birth. Since then comes on these days to overflows in the number in the first three places, this special date entries are made in the social security number for those people.
This number is used not only by social security funds and the e-card, but is increasingly being used in other public areas, as it represents a unique key for all residents.
The check digit can be calculated as follows:
- Run number 3, 7, 9
- Birth with 5, 8, 4, 2, 1, 6
If the remainder of the division results in 10, the sequence number is incremented by 1 and a new calculation is performed.
Example:
The insurance policy number 211176 298x, however there can not be, for example, since the checksum would be 10. The run number 298 there is thus not November 21, 1976, but only the sequence number 299, where the social security number would be on this day in 2998 211176.
Switzerland
In Switzerland, there is so far the so-called social security number, which is used primarily for administration of retirement, but, for example, used as a student ID number in the Swiss Army. The social security number is from 2008 replaced gradually by a new social security number in the form of administrative and register overarching personal identification number (PIN) that can be used not only in the AVS, but in all federal law applicable social insurance. The PIN is composed of a leading three-digit country code, a nine-digit random number that uniquely identifies each person to live long, but is anonymous, and a final check digit. This avoids that the name is mitverschlüsselt in number, as was the case with the social security number (which was under data protection law not only problematic but also in name change would have a number change the result, which made the whole system inconsistent ). The resulting 13 - digit number is divided as follows:
The check digit is calculated according to the EAN -13 standard.
By mid-2009, all inhabitants of Switzerland that have a social security number, get a new social security card with the PIN. Concerns on the part of data protection were worn by the legal restriction of the use of accounting. In addition to the field of federal law required social security as AHV, IV or mandatory health and accident insurance, social security number, in addition to private health and accident - supplementary, are used in federal taxes, the military administration and at the ETH. Cantons and municipalities can use the 13-digit number to use for taxation, education or social assistance.
Anglo-Saxon space
United States
The nine-digit Social used in the United States Security Number (Example: 306-30-2348 ) is used not only by the social security and health care, but also by other authorities, such as the tax authorities (see Taxpayer Identification Number) and private companies. The social security number thus has the function of a general personal identifier.
United Kingdom
The social systems of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland working with the National Insurance number. It consists of two letters followed by six digits and a third character (for example, AB 123456 -C). The UK social security number is used exclusively by the government social security schemes.
Canada
In Canada, each work entitled gets a Social Insurance Number, Numéro d'Assurance Sociale also SIN and NAS, but this does not happen automatically. Before a citizen is set for the first time by an employer, he must apply for the SIN. Although the vast majority only a SIN used in life that SIN does not necessarily apply to life imprisonment. Especially with immigrants and guest workers temporary SIN numbers are created. Once the applicant receives a settlement permit, the temporary SIN will be canceled and replaced by a new, permanent.
Much like in the United States has often requires the SIN card as proof of identification in private business, although this was explicitly illegal ( it may normally only banks, employers, and federal agencies, the SIN of a civil demand ). Due to repeated information campaigns of the Privacy Commissioner but this usage has declined sharply.
France
The social security number in France is in the middle part of the code INSEE, which the Department ( or country) of birth is known. Previously, gender and year (two digits) and month of birth and subsequently given a serial number and a check digit. People who are born in France or in its overseas territories obtained at birth automatically a number.
Italy
In Italy, the social security number is identical to the control number ( codice fiscale ). Example: MST MAX 90A01 A000A