Solar System model

A scale is a scale model of the solar system is helpful to illustrate the relative sizes and distances of objects in our solar system.

Structural implementations of such models are at least one, usually several kilometers in size, since an even smaller scale, the models of the planets are too small to be seen with the naked eye. The models are usually applied in the form of trails, which are called " Planet ", " planet trail " or " Planet Path ".

Example

A model in scale 1: 1.4 billion can be found with sun and all the planets on many planets ways. A pedestrian came here ahead with about six times the speed of light, only 21.4 cm / s corresponds here.

All these sizes are rounded; for all in reality more or less fluctuating distances mean values were used.

The diameter of the sun is in this model 1 m.
The planet Mercury is located at a distance of 41 m from the Sun and has a diameter of 3.5 mm.
The planet Venus is located at a distance of 77 m from the Sun and has a diameter of 8.6 mm.
The Earth is at a distance of 107 m from the Sun and has a diameter of 9.1 mm. The Earth's Moon is at a distance of 27.5 cm from the ground (only a little less than a sheet of A4 sheet with 29.7 cm) and has a diameter of 2.5 mm.

Phobos is located at a distance of 6.7 mm from the center of Mars.
Deimos is located at a distance of 16.8 mm from the center of Mars.

The largest object in the asteroid belt, the dwarf planet Ceres, is located at a distance of 296 m from the Sun and has a diameter of 0.7 mm.
The planet Jupiter is located at a distance of 556 m from the Sun and has a diameter of 102 mm. Diameter and spacing of the four Galilean moons of Jupiter to the center: Io: 2.6 mm diameter, 30 cm distance Europe: 2.2 mm diameter, 48 cm distance Ganymede: 3.8 mm diameter, 76.5 cm distance Callisto: 3.5 mm diameter, 135 cm distance
The 59 so far discovered more moons of Jupiter, which are much smaller than the Galilean moons and hard to see in this model, are located at a distance between 9.1 cm and 21.4 m from the center of Jupiter.

Saturn's rings: The A ring has an outer diameter of 193 mm and the B- ring of 168 mm. The outermost ring, the E ring has an outer diameter of about 700 mm.
The seven largest of Saturn 's moons and their diameters and distances from the center of Saturn: Mimas 0.3 mm in diameter, 13.3 cm distance Enceladus 0.4 mm diameter, 17 cm distance Tethys 0.75 mm diameter, 21 cm distance Dione 0.8 mm diameter, 27 cm distance Rhea 1.1 mm diameter, 38 cm distance Titanium 3.7 mm in diameter, 87.5 cm distance Iapetus 1.0 mm diameter, 255 cm distance
The 49 to now discovered another of Saturn's moons are located at a distance between 9.6 cm and 17 m from the center of Saturn and have a maximum diameter of 0.2 mm. Some of them are microscopic in scale, and these are no longer visible to the naked eye.

The five largest moons of Uranus and their diameters and distances from Uranus midpoint: Miranda 0.4 mm diameter, 9.3 cm spacing Ariel 0.8 mm in diameter, 13.7 cm distance Umbriel 0.8 mm diameter, 19 cm distance Titania 1.1 mm diameter, 33 cm distance Oberon 1.1 mm in diameter, 41.6 cm distance
The 22 so far discovered more moons of Uranus are located at a distance between 3.6 cm and 15 m from the center of Uranus and have a maximum diameter of 0.15 mm. Some of them are microscopic in scale, and these are no longer visible to the naked eye.

The three largest of Neptune 's moons and their diameters and distances from Neptune midpoint: Proteus 0.3 mm diameter, 8.5 cm spacing Triton 1.9 mm in diameter, 25.3 cm distance Nereid 0.25 mm diameter, 396 cm distance
The 8 to now discovered another Neptune Moon, located at a distance of between 3.4 cm and 34.7 m from the center of Neptune and have a maximum diameter of 0.15 mm. Some of them are microscopic in scale, and these are no longer visible to the naked eye.

The three Pluto 's moons and their diameters and distances from Pluto midpoint: Charon 0.8 mm in diameter, 13.8 mm distance Nix 0.1 mm diameter, 36 mm distance Hydra 0.1 mm diameter, 47 mm distance

His moon Dysnomia is located at a distance of 23.7 mm from Eris and has a diameter of 0.25 mm.

About the Solar System beyond

The nearest star, Proxima Centauri (real distance: 4.24 light years) would have a diameter of 14.4 cm and 28.8 thousand kilometers away would in this model.
The largest known star, VY Canis Majoris ( about 2000 solar radii ) would have here a diameter of 2 kilometers and would be 34 million kilometers away from our solar model. This corresponds to more than half the distance from the real sun to Mercury, the innermost planet of our solar system, or 84 times the actual distance from the Earth to the Moon.
The Milky Way would in this model has a diameter of 750 million kilometers. This is almost the real distance between the Sun and Jupiter, or 5 times the distance between Earth and Sun.
The visible part of the universe in this model would have a radius of nearly 10 light-years. This is more than the distance to Sirius.

Other planetary systems

The planetary system with the most exoplanets based on current knowledge, Kepler -11 ( at least six confirmed exoplanets ) would be removed in this model 13.5 million kilometers from our model sun. The star Kepler -11 would have here a diameter of 1.1 m. The diameters of the planets ranged between 18 cm ( Kepler - 11b) and 41 cm ( Kepler - 11e). The planet would be removed from Kepler -11 between 10 m ( Kepler - 11b) and 49 m ( Kepler - 11g ), where the 5 inner planets within a distance of 27 m from the central star and thus within the orbit of Mercury (41 m) compared our solar system subject.
The binary star system 55 Cancri with 5 confirmed exoplanets would be removed in this model 276,000 km of our model sun. The Yellow dwarf 55 Cancri A would have a diameter of 96 cm, its companion, the red dwarf 55 Cancri B would be at a distance of 114 miles and had a diameter of 30 cm. The innermost planet 55 Cancri e could distance of 170 cm, 55 Cancri b 12 m, 55 Cancri c of 27 m, 55 Cancri f 23 m un 55 Cancri d from 617 m to 55 Cancri A that orbit the planet.

Models

Probably the first walk- scale model world is the planetary model built from 1960 the city of Hagen in the southern Ruhr area ( scale 1: 1 billion ).

Models in Bad Lippspringe

Saturn

Mercury

See also: Planet ways in Germany, Austria, Switzerland.

Apparent sizes of the objects

A typical characteristic of reduced scale models is that the apparent sizes of the objects ( ie, the visual angle under which they appear to the viewer ) are the same as in the original. That is, if you stand next to the earth model, for example, looking at the sun model, the sun ball looks the same size like the real sun as seen from Earth in the sky. This applies to the scale of 1: 1.4 billion (diameter 1 m, 107 m away) just as for the scale 1: 1 billion (diameter 1.39 m, 149.6 m).

These relations make it possible to assess the achievements and discoveries in astronomy observation be adequate for the moons of Neptune Proteus and Nereid appear in the night sky as large as a speck of dust around three tenths of a millimeter in three km away.

Particularly large models

The Sweden Solar System is the largest scale model of our solar system. The sun is represented by the Globe Arena in Stockholm, the largest spherical building in the world represented. Pluto is removed in this model 300 km from the sun and is 12 cm in diameter not much larger than a tennis ball.

Another very large scale model with a scale of 1: 46,500,000 and a length of 138 km is located at Syracuse in the U.S. state of New York.

Non- scale models

For non- scale model of our solar system have the sizes of the celestial bodies and / or their distances to each other different scales.

Also most of the pictures of the solar system in books and atlases are not to scale. Either the distances between the orbital radii of the heavenly bodies will be accurately reproduced in such drawings, then would the planet in true to scale in part be so small that they can only be played as points. Or the size relationships of the heavenly bodies will be accurately reproduced in the drawing, then their distances are not to scale each displayed.

Mechanical - and virtual - implementations of such models is called Orrery; if they include only the sun, the earth and the moon, Tellurium.

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