Sömmerda (district)
The district Sömmerda is a district in the north of Thuringia.
- 3.1 Population development
- 4.1 unemployment
- 4.2 traffic 4.2.1 roads
- 4.2.2 Railway
- 4.2.3 Air Transport
- 5.1 Kreistag
- 5.2 Coat of Arms and Flag
- 8.1 communities
- 8.2 Administrative Communities
Geography
The territory of the district Sömmerda is in the territory of the middle Unstrut in the northeastern part of the Thuringian Basin and extends in an east-west direction from the fin to the Unstrut Jam at Straußfurt and in north-south direction from the foothills of the Hainleite at Bilzingsleben to Erfurt. Neighboring districts are in the north of Kyffhauserkreis, in the east of Saxony-Anhalt castle district, in the southern district of Weimar and the district-free city Erfurt and in the west the district of Gotha and the Unstrut Hainich.
Nature
Nature Reserves
In the district Sömmerda there are eight nature reserves. The nature reserves Wipper breakdown and High -cricket are also partly in Kyffhauserkreis.
Nature Park
The nature park Kyffhaeuser is a small part also in the district Sömmerda.
History
1974, a resting place of primitive man (Homo erectus bilzingslebenensis ) at Bilzingsleben, just on the northern border of the county, found that one of the most important archaeological sites in Europe for the time around 400000 BCE. The discovery and excavation of the tomb was Leubinger chief occasion, an entire culture as " Leubinger culture" to designate (1900-1600 BCE ). About 3000 years ago, people started in the territory of the present county, expand dominant terrain elevations to hill forts. These systems sometimes had impressive stretches and served to in times of danger, many people, their effects and above all the livestock from predators to " hide " to hide and protect. Particularly significant for the region was the Monraburg at Burgwenden. Years ago, about 2500 migrated from the north Germanic one. The area of present-day district Sömmerda was a part of the " Hermundurenland ", so named after the name of the Germanic tribal group, which was dominant in central Germany, and from which the involvement of other Germanic tribes (fishing, Warning) by 400 AD, the people of the Thuringian took shape. The area belonged to the heartland of the Thuringian kingdom. With the destruction of this kingdom 531 AD, the Frankish kings and emperors ruled representative of the area, managed it, prompted settlements and promoted the development of the land. Many of today's villages in the district were recorded in documents in the 8th and 9th centuries. In this early medieval period, there was also immigrations Slavic settlers in the region: Thuringia, Franconia and Slavs (Wends) merged more and more with each other, cultivated the landscape and extended their settlement area. Along with the inclusion of Thuringia in the Frankish Empire took place since the 8th century, the increasing Christianization of Thuringia. One of the most powerful feudal lords of the 9th century were the Landgrave of Thuringia ( Runneburg / Weissensee), and the counts of Beichlingen and Hohenstein. The latter were replaced mid-14th century by the counts of Schwarzburg. But the city of Erfurt, respectively, the Principality of Mainz decreed since 1418 territorial possessions in a circle. Through the expansion of the country's sovereignty, there was the emergence of cities - Ackerbürger cities whose economic life particularly influenced by agriculture, the Waidanbau ( " gift of the gods of Thuringia" ) was coined.
After the Congress of Vienna, the area was officially reorganized, with most of 1815 came to the Kingdom of Prussia. The western part of this Prussian territory belonged to the circle Weissensee and the eastern to the circle Eckartsberga. After the abdication of the Thuringian principalities in 1918 and the formation of the federal state of Thuringia the work to the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar -Eisenach belonging communities were incorporated into the newly formed district of Thuringia Weimar. 1932, the counties Weissensee and Erfurt were merged to form a new district Weissensee. In 1945 its inclusion in the State of Thuringia. In 1950, the district Weissensee was dissolved and to a large extent part of the newly formed district of Erfurt - country; of Saxony-Anhalt district Eckartsberga was renamed County Kölleda. The reorganization of 1952 created the circle Sömmerda, was assigned to the district of Erfurt.
After the reunification of the two German states of the circuit Sömmerda 1990 County Sömmerda of the new state of Thuringia was. The local government reform in 1994, the district was enlarged to parts of the former district of Erfurt- country and in the north by parts of the former district Artern in the south.
Population Development
Development of the Population:
- 2000: 81 204
- 2001: 80 323
- 2002: 79 592
- 2003: 78 671
- 2004: 77 831
- 2005: 76 865
- 2006: 76 097
- 2007: 75 257
- 2008: 74 359
- 2009: 73 688
- 2010: 72 877
- 2011: 72 345
Economy
The image of the district Sömmerda is characterized by intensively used agricultural landscape. The region around Kindelbrueck here is traditional fruit-growing area. Industrialization began after the establishment of the first gun factory by Johann Nikolaus von Dreyse 1840 in the district town Sömmerda. In 1901 the Dreysische Gewehrfabrik a company of Rheinmetall Group, 1920 has started with the production of writing and two years later with the production of calculators. In 1945, the plant became the office machine work Sömmerda with up to 12,000 employees. Im looking for the turnaround in the area newly established industrial park, numerous companies and institutions have now re-established. Also, computer manufacturers such as Fujitsu Siemens and Logatec have resettled in the district, which now includes Europe's largest manufacturers. The other small towns remained rural, characterized by craft and small industries. Kölleda brought in the 19th century, the intensive cultivation of medicinal herbs known as the " Peppermint City " field.
The largest companies in the district are Mubea Springs in Weissensee with 530 employees, Fujitsu Siemens Sömmerda with 360 employees, Funkwerk AG in Kölleda with 350 employees, EUT Erdrich Forming in Sömmerda with 320 employees and MDC Power (Mercedes- Benz engine plant ) in Kölleda with 300 employees.
Every year the regional exhibition for the economy in the district Sömmerda place named SÖM. With the SÖM businesses, artisans, and service providers of the district get the possibility to offer your services and products at the regional level and to engage in conversation on the spot with consumers and customers.
Unemployment
The unemployment rate in the County:
- 2000 to 17.9 %
- 2001 to 18.2 %
- 2002 to 19.5 %
- 2003 to 21.2 %
- 2004 to 20.6 %
- 2005 to 21.2 %
- 2006 to 19.3 %
- 2007 to 17.5 %
- 2008 to 16.2 %
- 2009 - 14.8 %
- 2010 - 12.4 %
- 2011 - 11.6 %
Traffic
Currently, the county has a road network with the federal highways 4, 85, 86 and 176 The construction of the federal highway 71, the road development is significantly improved.
Railway
The railway network covers the county's north-south connections from Erfurt to Bad Langensalza, Nordhausen and Sangerhausen / Magdeburg as well as the East-West connection Naumburg bath Langensalza. The first railway line was opened to the west of the district in 1869 by the Nordhausen - Erfurt railway company over Straußfurt. From here, since 1874, leads the Saale -Unstrut railroad eastward over Buttstädt after Großheringen. Sömmerda 1879 to crossroads, and crosses the north-south route of the Magdeburg- Halberstadt Railway Company from Sangerhausen to Erfurt the Saale- Unstrut Railroad. The Prussian State Railways as supplemented by the turn of the century the rail network: 1897 received two communities in the southwest corner of the circle stations on the route Bad Langensalza -Erfurt, starting from the node Straußfurt In 1906, a railway line to Bad Tennstedt added and in 1914 was a cross-connection of Kölleda towards Lossa made to the Finn - Lauchagrund. The Weimar Rastenberger Railway Company had 1887 from Weimar narrow gauge railways in the district Sömmerda both by Großrudestedt, as well as via Guthmannshausen after Rastenberg with a spur track (* 1891) performed by Buttstädt. Later - in 1910 - she married Buttstädt and Rastenberg directly with a standard gauge track.
So the rail network had grown in 1906 to 121 km, 25 km of narrow gauge. After the following closures:
Are still 88 km in operation.
Traffic
In air transport is the airfield Sömmerda / Dermsdorf (part of Kölleda ).
Policy
Council
(As at municipal election on June 7, 2009)
Coat of arms and flag
Blazon: " Split with a grafted toe, front nine divided from black to gold and topped with a green diamond ring; back in blue, a seven times from red to silver split, reinforced and golden crowned lion, in the top of a silver sechsspeichiges wheel on a red background. "
Meaning: The Lion of the Ludowingian Landgrave of Thuringia points out that this generation in a part of the present territory of the district Sömmerda one of its core areas possessed, whose center was the Runneburg in Weissensee. The Saxon diamond ring is initially available for the Ernestine and Albertine area parts, on the other, but also for the later province of Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt Localities of today's circle. He should indicate the changing territorial history of the circle. The silver wheel on a red background stands for the former erfurtischen or kurmainzischen areas.
An overview of the coat of arms of cities and villages of the district can be found in the list of the coat of arms in the district Sömmerda.
The county is entitled Sömmerda since 20 December 1999 to lead a flag. The decision to launch the flag as a national emblem of the circle had been passed by the council on 10 November 1999. The flag is divided white-red and bears the coat of arms circle.
Regional Planning
- Middle center: Sömmerda
- Under Center: Buttstädt, Kölleda
- Small center: Gebesee, Kindelbrueck, Straußfurt, Weissensee
In the southern part of the district of the short range of the upper center in Erfurt goes into it.
Cities and Towns
See also: List of places in the district Sömmerda
(Population at 31 December 2012)
Cities ¹ Member municipality to an administrative community
Communities
Management Communities * County seat
- 2 Management Community Buttstädt ( 6871 )
- 3 Management Community Gera - Aue ( 4952 )
- 4 Community Management Gramme Aue ( 5191 )
- 5 Management Community Kindelbrueck ( 5686 )
- 6 Management Community Kölleda ( 11,145 )
- 7 Management Community Straußfurt ( 7144 )
Regarding the terms " administrative community " or " community -fulfilling " see administrative community in Thuringia.
Territorial changes
Communities
- Resolution of the municipality Schallenburg - Integration to Sömmerda (6 May 1993)
- Resolution of the municipality shear village - Integration to Weissensee (6 May 1993)
- Resolution of the municipality Walter village - Integration to Weissensee (8 June 1993)
- Resolution of the municipality Dermsdorf - Integration by Kölleda (22 January 1994)
- Resolution of the communities Frohsdorf, Leubingen, Orlishausen and Tunzenhausen - Integration to Sömmerda (8 March 1994)
- Resolution of the municipality Ottenhausen - Integration to Weissensee (8 March 1994)
- Resolution of the municipality Bachra, Roldisleben and Rothenberga - Integration by Rastenberg (25 March 1994)
- Resolution of the municipality Töttelstädt - Integration to Erfurt (12 October 1994)
- Resolution of the municipality Großmonra - Integration by Kölleda ( 31 December 2012)
Management Communities
- Establishment of the joint management Straußfurt (27 March 1993)
- Establishment of the joint management Gera - Aue (9 April 1994)
- Establishment of the joint management Kölleda (14 April 1994)
- Extension of the joint management Kindelbrueck to help communities Günstedt and Herrnschwende (18 June 1994)
- Resolution of the governing communities Alperstedt / Großrudestedt and Gramme Aue - formation of a new administrative community Gramme Aue from the member municipalities (10 September 1994)
- Extension of the joint management Straußfurt to the community Haßleben (11 October 1994)
- Extension of the joint management Straußfurt to the community Riethnordhausen (1 January 1995 )
- Extension of the joint management Buttstädt to help communities Kleinbrembach and Großbrembach (4 February 1995)
- Elxleben is fulfilling community for Witterda (1 January 1997 )
- Extension of the joint management Kölleda to the community Schillingstedt (1 January 1997 )
- Resolution of the governing communities Scherkondetal and Schloßvippach - formation of the joint management at the brand from the member communities (1 January 1997 )
- Extension of the joint management Kölleda around the city Rastenberg (1 January 2007 )