Sphagnum palustre
Marsh peat moss (Sphagnum palustre )
The marsh peat moss ( Sphagnum palustre, Syn: Sphagnum cymbifolium ( Ehrhart ) R. Hedwig ) is a representative of peat or peat moss (Sphagnum ). One also finds the terms " ordinary peat moss ", " Broad-leaved peat moss " or " Kahnblättriges peat moss ". It can accommodate as other species of the genus with the aid of elastic spiral fibers 30 times its dry weight in water. The comparatively frequent and almost worldwide spread peat moss grows mainly in wet forests, mostly coniferous forests and is in contrast to the other members of this genus rare moss found in bogs.
Features
The marsh peat moss, creating powerful up to 25 centimeters long usually light green to light brown plants with stem diameters between 0.6 and 1.2 millimeters. The epidermis ( Hyalodermis ) the tribe has three layers, the cells have mostly 1-3, rarely more pores and are rich in spiral fibers. The broadly rounded to rectangular stem leaves are narrow and lined with hyaline measure about 1.2 to 2 times 0.9 to 1.4 millimeters.
The branches are in clusters to three to six abspreizend on stems. The heads are usually clear and pigmented flame shaped. They carry on the edge often longer, more or less pale and up to 2 centimeters long branches, so that the head and echoes the forms something of the inflorescences of edelweiss. The egg-shaped, hollow leaves are 1-2 mm wide. They consist of a network of triangular cross-section green cells, which are characterized by pores and spirals. The capsules are nearly spherical in shape.
Dissemination and locations
The marsh peat moss is all over Europe to Asia, common in parts of America, Australia and New Zealand. The peat moss is relatively common. It grows in moist to wet sites. The species forms large carpets or bulged Bulte on the ground vernässter forests, mostly coniferous forests, marshy meadows and rarely in bogs. At their growing sites often come and the fringed bog moss (Sphagnum fimbriatum ), the gloss peat moss (Sphagnum subnitens ) or sphagnum before squarrosum.
Threats and conservation measures
The marsh peat moss is not led by the World Conservation Union IUCN Red List of endangered species and therefore, viewed globally considered safely. The Federal Republic of Germany, this Torfmoosart with currently unchallenged in the national Red List; her Saarland she sees in the national list as safely. Switzerland also represents the marsh peat moss in their national Red List and rated it as not also at risk ( "LC" ).
Like all species of sphagnum moss is also detected the marsh peat moss with the Fauna-Flora -Habitat Directive Nr.92/43/EWG in the updated version of 1 January 2007, by the listing in Annex V to the possibility of protecting control of withdrawal and use restrictions provided. In addition, their habitat is provided by recording the 'acid Moore with sphagnum " in Annex I under protection, which SACs have to be designated for these habitats.
The legislation of the Federal Republic of Germany Sphagnum palustre defined with all species of the genus in the Federal Species Protection Ordinance as particularly protected species
The Switzerland protects the marsh peat moss in the Federal Law on the Protection of Nature and Cultural Moore as the habitats of peat moss and promotes the restoration of peatlands and wetlands.
Use
In the project of the EU 7th Research Framework Programme Moss clone the marsh peat moss Sphagnum palustre is in moss bioreactors increased in order to develop it into a measuring instrument for air pollution control.