Spondias

Spondias ( German Mombinpflaumen or " balm plums ") is a genus of flowering plants in the family Anacardiaceae ( Anacardiaceae ). The genus includes 10 species, including several fruit yielding species such as the Umbú ( Spondias tuberosa ).

Description

Spondias species are deciduous to nearly evergreen trees that can reach 25 meters Height. The alternate and spirally arranged on the branches of deciduous leaves have a petiole and are depending on the type pinnate or simple. The edges of the leaves or leaflets are serrated or smooth.

There shall be a terminal or pendant, Rispige inflorescences. The hermaphrodite or functionally unisexual flowers are four or fünfzählig. Two groups of four or five equally long stamens present. It is a intrastaminaler discus available. Four to five carpels are fused into an ovary, with only one ovule per ovary compartment. It is a misshapen or four to five free pen available.

The edible one-seeded drupes resemble a small mango. The mesocarp is juicy, the endocarp is woody or hard, and covered by a fibrous matrix. The extended embryo is straight to slightly bent.

System

The genus Spondias belongs to the subfamily Spondioideae within the family Sumac ( Anacardiaceae ). The genus name Spondias was first published in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus in Species Plantarum 1, p 371. Type species of Spondias mombin L. is.

Here is a list of the categories:

• Spondias dulcis Sol. ex Parkinson - Gold plum or golden balsamic plum: syn. S. cytherea Sonn.
• Spondias haplophylla Airy Shaw & Foreman
• Spondias indica ( Wight & Arn. ) Airy Shaw & Forman: Syn Solenocarpus Wight & Arn indicus.
• Spondias lakonensis Pierre
• Spondias mombin L. - Yellow Mombinpflaume: Syn Spondias lutea L.
• Spondias purpurea L. - Red Mombinpflaume: Syn Spondias cirouella Tussac
• Spondias radlkoferi Donn.Sm.: Syn Spondias nigrescens Pittier
• Spondias tuberculata L.
• Spondias tuberosa Arruda ex H.Kost. - Umbú
• Spondias venulosa ( Engl ) Mart. ex Engl: Syn Spondias purpurea var venulosa Engl

Other genera are assigned following formerly in this genus guided types today:

• Spondias axillaris Roxb. Became a Choerospondias axillaris ( Roxb. ) BL Burtt & AW Hill
• Spondias birrea A. Rich. Sclerocarya birrea subsp now Is. birrea
• Spondias solandri Benth. Pleiogynium Is now timoriense ( DC.) Leenh.

Others

• An illustration of S. purpurea by Maria Sibylla Merian was used in 2006 as a cover of the Blum -field album " Forbidden Fruit ".

Spondias dulcis in Hawaii

Spondias mombin, fruiting branch

Swell

• Tianlu Min & Anders Barfod: Anacardiacdeae in the Flora of China: Volume 11, p 339: Spondias - Online. accessed in March 2010 ( section description)