St. Emmeram's Abbey

Saint Emmeram is a company founded by Benedictine 739, Regensburg. It was built on the grave of the revered as a martyr Frankish bishop hiking Emmeram of Regensburg.

History

The monastery of Saint Emmeram emerged from a St. George's Church on an early Christian cemetery, which lay in the urban settlement area of the Roman Castra Regina. In the 7th century AD, there the holy Emmeram of Regensburg was buried. In the 8th century AD, a monastery of the Order of the Benedictines, whose abbots were 739-975 bishops of Regensburg in Regensburg diocese was created. In the year 972 was Sankt Emmeram Empire monastery. About Chammunster in Cham ( Oberpfalz) in the valley of the rain, the Christian mission was carried on in the Künische Mountains and Bohemia.

In the 11th century Saint Emmeram was the starting point of the Cluniac reform and the reform of Gorze monastery in the Duchy of Bavaria and Nordgau. Bishop Wolfgang of Regensburg and Abbot Ramwold were promoters of this reform movement of the Roman Catholic Church. In 1295, King Adolf of Nassau gave the Abbey the regalia, which St. Emmeram received the imperial immediacy; 1326 with exemption.

During this period of the Middle Ages, the scriptorium of the monastery of St. Emmeram developed into a center of book illumination. It emerged the Sacramentary of Henry II ( 1002-1014 ) and the Uta Codex ( shortly after 1002). The importance of the monastery as a cultural center subsided in the 16th century, when Regensburg in 1555 on the basis of the Augsburg Imperial and religious peace, which had joined Wittelsbach Otto Heinrich of the Palatinate from the house, was Lutheran.

After the beginning of the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648) and the recatholicization in Bavaria continued after 1625 in the 17th and 18th centuries an upswing again of the importance of Sankt Emmeram under the abbots Frobenius Forster and Celestine climb Lehner and the novel Fathers and Zirngibl Placidus Heinrich a that promoted especially knowledge of the natural sciences. Members of the Order of the Benedictines were able to draw on a long tradition astromonischer research, and they include the astrolabe of William of Hirsau. The Academy of the monastery in the now free imperial city of Regensburg developed during this period to a counterbalance to the Bavarian Academy of Sciences in Munich.

After the Thirty Years' War, in 1658, took the abbot of St. Emmeram part with a Kuriatstimme the Rhenish imperial prelate in the Reichstag. 1731 confirmed the emperor, lordship of the Abbot of the Abbey of Saint Emmeram now of a prince who belonged to the Bavarian imperial circle. From 1731 to 1733 the impressive redesigning the multiple burned and then always rebuilt monastery church was carried out by the brothers Cosmas Damian Asam and Egid Quirin in the Baroque style.

Saint Emmeram and the pin area of the monastery fell 1802/1803 with the imperial city of Regensburg, the Bishopric of Regensburg, the realm pen Obermünster and the kingdom pin Niedermünster to the newly formed Principality of Regensburg under the Prince Primate Karl Theodor von Dalberg. 1810 came this by the Treaty of Paris (1810 ) for the newly founded Kingdom of Bavaria under the Wittelsbach family. Its art treasures, such as the Arnulfsziborium ) and his precious books (including the Muspilli and the Codex Aureus ) came in large part to Munich. During this Secularization monastic buildings 1803/1812 came to the princely house of Thurn and Taxis, who inhabited some parts of the building since 1748. They had rebuilt the monastery of St. Emmeram as a residence castle of St. Emmeram. The abbey church was the parish church of the city of Regensburg and received on 18 February 1964 papal honor title of minor basilica.

Basilica of St. Emmeram

The three-aisled basilica with a western transept and three choirs on a floor plan of the Romanesque goes back to a first church, a St. George's Church from the second half of the 8th century. Since then, the church was again partially destroyed and cultivated. The three medieval stone reliefs on the north portal, the earliest of its kind in Germany (around 1052) by placing Jesus Christ, the holy Emmeram of Regensburg and St. Dionysius Represents the west transept has a painted wooden ceiling, which shows Benedict of Nursia. Under the choir is Dionysius the Wolfgang's crypt. Next to the altar of Dionysus north aisle the tomb of Queen Hemma († 876 ) is inserted into the wall. The high altar in the Baroque style dates from 1669. The oldest part of the church is the crypt in the northern ring side chorus.

The mighty tower houses six bells in the beat tones b0, c1, db1, f1, as1 and b1. Five minutes before the Sunday Office ( 09:25 clock ) to ring all the bells up on the biggest bell; it applies only to solemnities use. Bell 4 (f1 ) serves as the Angelus bell, smallest bell rings as the poor soul bell after the evening Angelus. The Uhrschlag via the bells des1 (quarter hours) and c1 ( full hours ).

St. Emmeram as a final resting place

In Santa Emmeram were buried: St. Emmeram, St. Wolfgang, the blessed abbot Ramwold, the blessed Queen Hemma, wife of Louis the German, the holy recluse Aurelia, the blessed bishops Wolflek, Gaubald and Tuto, the East Frankish king and Holy Roman Emperor Arnulf of Carinthia and his son King Louis the Child, the Bavarian Duke Arnulf the Bad and the Bavarian historian Johannes Aventinus. Next to this are in glass shrines, the bones of the catacomb of St. Maximian and St. Calcidonius.

Parish Church of St. Rupert

St. Rupert was the former parish church of the monastery on Emmeramsplatz and bears the name of Saint Rupert of Salzburg. The two-aisled church was built in the second half of the 11th century on a plan of the Romanesque, but often rebuilt in the style of the time. So the nave from the 14th century, the chancel dates from the year 1405, the tetrastyle high altar with the image of the baptism of the Duke Theodor through the Holy Rupert from 1690, and the interiors from the 17th and 18th centuries. The tabernacle on the north side of the choir shows figures of Saint Rupert of Salzburg and other saints. The Michael altar with an altarpiece of the Archangel Michael is from 1713. Some images on the walls of the nave of the ministry of St. Rupert of Salzburg.

Abbots of St. Emmeram

Abtbischöfe:

  • Gaubald 739-761
  • Sigerich 762-768
  • Sintpert 768-791
  • Adalwin 792-816
  • Baturich 817-847
  • Erchanfried approximately 847-864
  • Ambricho approximately 864-891
  • Aspert 891-894
  • Tuto approximately 894-930
  • Isangrim 930-941
  • Michael about 942-972
  • Wolfgang 972-975

Abbots:

  • Ramwold 975-1000
  • Tungsten 1001-1006
  • Richolf 1006-1028
  • Hartwich 1028-1029
  • Burkhard 1030-1037
  • Ulrich I. 1037-1042
  • Erchanbert 1042-1043
  • Peringer I. 1044-1048
  • Reginward 1048-1060?
  • Eberhard I ca 1060-1068
  • Rupert 1068-1095
  • Pabo 1095 -ca. 1106
  • Reginhard about 1106-1129?
  • Engelfrid 1129-1142
  • Pabo ( 2nd time) 1142-1143
  • Berthold I. 1143-1149
  • Adalbert I 1149-1177
  • Peringer II 1177-1201
  • Eberhard II 1201-1217
  • Ulrich II 1217-1219
  • Berthold II 1219-1235
  • Wulfing ca 1235 -ca. 1247
  • Ulrich III. 1247-1263
  • Frederick I of Theuern 1263-1271
  • Ulrich IV of Prunn 1271
  • Haimo 1272-1275
  • Wolfgang I. Storm 1275-1279
  • Wernher 1279-1292
  • Karl 1292-1305
  • Henry of winemakers 1305-1312
  • Baldwin Kötzl 1312-1324
  • Adalbert II ( Albert) of Schmidmühlen 1324-1358
  • Alto Tannstein 1358-1385
  • Frederick II of mountain pastures 1385-1395
  • John I. Hauner 1395-1402
  • Ulrich von Pettendorf 1402-1423
  • Wolfhard ostrich 1423-1452
  • Hartung Pfersfelder 1452-1458
  • Konrad Pebenhauser 1459-1465
  • Michael Expensive 1465-1471
  • John II Tegernpeck 1471-1493
  • Erasmus I. Munzer 1493-1517
  • Ambrose I. Munzer 1517-1535
  • Leonhard Pfenning man 1535-1540
  • Erasmus II Nittenauer 1540-1561
  • Blasius Baumgartner 1561-1575
  • Ambrosius II Mayrhofer 1575-1583
  • Jerome I. White 1583-1609
  • Hieronymus II Feury 1609-1623
  • John III. Nablaß 1623-1639
  • Placidus Judmann 1639-1655
  • Celestine I Vogl 1655-1691
  • Ignatius of Trauner 1691-1694
  • John IV Baptist Hemm 1694-1719
  • Wolfgang Mohr II 1719-1725

Abbots:

  • Anselm Godin de Tampezo 1725-1742
  • Johann V. Bapt. Kraus 1742-1762
  • Celestine II riser Lehner 1791-1803, † 1819
Order of Saint Benedict Franks Roman Catholic Diocese of Regensburg Cham, Germany Ramwod Adolf, King of Germany Otto Henry, Elector Palatine Codex Aureus of St. Emmeram Thurn und Taxis Romanesque art Denis Solemnity Aurelia of Regensburg Catacomb saints Von Pfersfeld (Nobility) Protestant Reformation
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