Stipa pennata
Genuine feather grass ( Stipa pennata )
The real feather grass ( Stipa pennata ) or gray vaginal feather grass is a species within the family of grasses ( Poaceae ). It is 40 to 70 inches high stalks and up to 33 centimeters long, densely covered with long hair awns. The distribution area is in much of Europe, north of Africa and extends eastward to Mongolia and China. The species is protected in Germany. It was commercially collected for the production of dry bouquets, so that it is extinct in some areas.
- 5.1 Literature
- 5.2 Notes and references
Description
Appearance and leaves
The real feather grass is a perennial herbaceous plant that forms dense clumps. The stalks stand upright, have two to four nodes, are 40 to 70 inches high and are rough under the panicle. The leaf sheaths are glabrous or more or less densely hairy about 0.1 millimeters long. The edges in the upper part of the leaf sheath are sometimes ciliate short. The ligule of renewal shoots form a 1-2 mm long, membranous hem, the ligule of Halmblätter are 3-5 millimeters long. The thread-like leaf blades, are green and blue to reach lengths of up to 50 inches and diameter of 0.5 to 1 millimeter. At least at the tip of young leaves is a cluster of up to 3 mm long, spreading hairs. However, the Spreitenunterseite is mostly bare and smooth, in the lower part sometimes rough or short hair.
Inflorescence, flowers and fruit
The inflorescences are composed of five to nine spikelets, contracted, about 10 inches long, elliptic panicles, stuck at the base of the uppermost leaf sheath. The spikelets flowered, lanceolate and without the awn usually 30 to 50 and rarely up to 70 millimeters long. The glumes are equal to each other, remaining, yellow, five -to seven- annoying and as long as the spikelets. The florets along with the 3 mm long and hairy callus 15 to 18 millimeters long and about 1.4 mm wide. The tip of the claw-like callus is bent, stabbing and bare. The lemma is five annoying, 15 to 20 millimeters long, nearly terete and shows seven rows of short hairs. The hair rows lying on the edge rarely end only 3 usually have 4 to 5 millimeters below the insertion of the awn. The middle row dominates the neighboring to about 2 millimeters. The awn is 25 to 33 inches long, the upper part is densely covered with 5 to 6 millimeters long hair. The palea is linear, two annoying and as long as the lemma. The anthers are 5 to 6.5 millimeters long. As fruits 12 to 15 millimeters long, spindle-shaped caryopsis are formed. It blooms in May and June.
Distribution and ecology
The natural range of genuine spring grass ranges from Central, Northern, Southern and Eastern Europe to North Africa, and in Asia as far as Siberia, the Caucasus, Mongolia and China. It is found in premolars steppe grass, on rocky slopes and in open woods on summer warm, dry, base-rich, often calcareous, shallow soil, nutrient-poor stony or sandy soils rare. It is a light plant and a heat pointer.
The real feather grass is a Hemikryptophyt. The fruits are spread by the wind and burrow in absorption of water by a rotational movement of the awn itself into the soil.
The species is listed in Germany under protection.
Systematics and history of research
The real feather grass ( Stipa pennata ) is a species in the genus of feather grass ( Stipa ) in the family of grasses ( Poaceae ), in which it is assigned to the subfamily Pooideae, tribe Stipeae. The species was described by Linnaeus in 1753 in his work Species Plantarum first time scientifically. The genus name Stipa was introduced by Linnaeus, without the representatives of the genus were previously called by that name. With the Late Latin word stipa a rod for supporting amphora was called. The specific epithet Pennata also comes from Latin and means " feathered ". It thus refers to the long-haired awns of Art
Synonyms of species are Stipa other anomala PA Smirn. , Stipa appendiculata Celak. , Stipa austriaca ( Beck) Klokov, Stipa borysthenica Prokudin, Stipa disjuncta Klokov, Stipa gallica ( Steven ) Celak. , Stipa joannis Čelak. , Stipa lejophylla PASmirn. , Stipa oligotricha Moraldo, Stipa sabulosa ( Pacz. ) Sljuss. , Stipa tauricola Celak. and Stipa veneta Moraldo.
Use
The Haargrannen are sometimes used as bed charge. Colored awns are in the Alps and in Hungary, where the genuine feather grass is frequently used as Hutschmuck. In Germany, the plants were commercially processed into dried bouquets, which has at times led to the extinction of the species.