Straight pool

14 and 1 endless ( short: 14/ 1 or 14/1e, in English: Straight Pool ) is a discipline of pool billiards, in which, with fifteen object balls ( the colored people ) and a cue ball ( the white ) is played on a pool table.

There is a points game in which the objective is to achieve a certain score. We must each object ball sink and always gets it a point for a foul you get deducted 1 point. Negative points are possible.

The name 14 and 1 endless is because you sunk all object balls but one. This remains, and the rack is rebuilt (space on the base point remains free ) and you can continue playing. This last object ball should be so that you can then sink it and can simultaneously solve the rack to continue playing after that.

History

The development of Pool (Pocket Billiards ) imposed by the country United States did in the 1870s, first the 61- pool out to give the numbers on the balls, which were sunk added, ( 1 to 15, together = 120), with which the player which first reached 61, won the game. The first U.S. Pocket Billiard Championships 1878 were held in the 61- pool. Winner was Canadian Cyrille Dion.

In the development to Continuous pool made ​​out which was the later 14/1 already very similar: All bullets had the value of a point - winner of a game was the player who end up buried balls had in his account. Played on a particular Ausspielziel (number of games won ). For tactical reasons, however, this variant was quickly to a purely defensive game.

Jerome Keogh, multiple Continuous Pool Master, suggested then to keep the last remaining on the table ball there, the remaining 14 balls to rebuild in the triangle and by successful shock ( sinking of the " remaining ball " ) blow open the triangle at the same time with the game ball to continue to remain at the table. Defensive play was still possible, but the offensive game far outweighed ( " endless " sinking of balls to a certain Ausspielziel, for example, 150 balls).

14/1 endless been in the U.S. for "Champion 's Game " in 1912 - and raised at the same time in the same year in the status of a World Cup. As the first 14/1-Meister Edward Ralph went down in history.

The WM 14/1 was held until 1990 in the U.S., finally superseded by the hitherto long been dominant 9- ball World Cup Pool variant in the same year. In 2006, underwent 14/1 a renaissance. Especially by the popularity which was bestowed this variant in Europe since the 1970s, there was a new edition of World Championship. It has since been held annually.

Regulate

14/1 is the same as 8-Ball is a call shot game. This means that you must declare beforehand which ball is played in which case, if it is not obvious. The game about gangs or combinations is never obvious according to the official rules and must be spoken constantly. If not announces such beads, which leads to the receiving loss.

A player may continue playing as long as he called ball " punch " with a " legal shot " (see below ).

Sink a player in a regular shock in addition to the really trendy ball further Objekbälle, he receives an additional point per ball.

Construction and Breakfast

The balls are racked in a triangle at the beginning. The arrangement is arbitrary, it frequently being placed the one seen at the left corner of the player and the 5 seen from the player at the right corner of the triangle. The starting player has the right to the position of the " whites" in the header field to select (top quarter of the table ).

When triggered, the so-called break, at least two of object balls and the "White " touch a band, or an object ball must be ( correctly bid) are sunk. If not both are the case, the receiving player receives two penalty points and the opponent can either accept the situation or the reconstruction demand ( and thereby decide on the abutting right ). If the opponent demands that the player performs a new opening shot, it still is the same recording.

The duty to tell the 14/1-Break ball and pocket, and often leads in practice to safety lugs. This prompts a certain ball in a particular case when B is a synthetic shock.

If in an otherwise correct opening shot the cue ball, it is punishable as a regular foul and penalized with a minus point. The opponent gets in this case " ball in hand" behind the head string out, but may allude only the object balls whose center lie outside the head string, unless all remaining on the table object balls are behind the head string. The object balls remain unchanged, not legally pocketed object balls are, however, taken out of his pocket and built at the base. If the base point to be occupied, the ball is placed on the next available space on the direct line from foot to foot rail.

Reconstruction of the balls

If the 14 ball is sunk, the game is stopped. The 14 object balls are rebuilt, only the space on the foot remains free. The player then proceeds by ( the break point ) as pocketing the 15 ball that the "White " then in the " rack" ( the 14 reconstructed spheres) is running and the balls so resolves that he has a sequel. However, the player does not necessarily have to play the 15 ball, but can announce or run a security impact, an arbitrary ball of the rack.

If the cue ball or the object ball 15 before the reconstruction of the rack where normally the triangle should be built, so these are placed after the following system:

Proper shock

For a legal shot, it is sufficient to play any object ball on the table and to run at least one band after hitting any ball or punch.

A foul occurs when:

• The "White " is sunk.
• The "White " no object ball touches.
• No ball touches a cushion or is pocketed.
• A ball off the table falls (or remains lying on the band).
• A ball with the cue is touched or moved.
• The player with the body or the clothing contacting a ball.

If in a burst several fouls are committed, it is still counted as only one foul.

If the "white " or another ball directly on the edge (on the band) are of the table, also there is a foul. The ball is then considered " fallen off the table " because the bands do not belong to the playing surface, but this merely delineate. However, rolling a ball briefly about the band and comes back to the playing surface, the shock is correct.

Traps only unannounced object balls, they are replaced. There is no punishment.

Rating

The removal of points can result in a negative score (-1, -2, -15, etc.). Sink a player commits an object ball and doing a challenge, so it is put back on, without counting, and a point is deducted from the score, which he had before the collision.

If a player commits three fouls in a row or an intentional foul, the player receives 15 penalty points in addition. As an intentional foul in the purpose of this rule is one example the conscious or similar preventing a ball when dropped by staying with the hand - Tactical fouls such as However, the intentional miss the platoons are part of the game and therefore include only one penalty point.

Highest series

The record for the highest series in 14 and 1 holds Willie Mosconi with 526 balls in a row, placed on March 20, 1954 during an exhibition match on an 8 -foot table in Springfield, Ohio (USA). In contrast to series of this magnitude by other players, Mosconi let authenticate this achievement by all present witnesses signed for.