Subconjunctival hemorrhage

As Hyposphagma (Greek ὑπόσφαγμα Hyposphagma, bloodshot eye ', etc.) is augenheilkundlich means a clear-cut sub- conjunctival hemorrhage of the eye, also called subconjunctival hemorrhage. The Hyposphagma presents as " acute red eye ", where the discoloration is limited to the space between the sclera and conjunctiva without involvement of the adjacent cornea. The bleeding itself is generally painless, and there is thus no restriction of visual acuity.

Hyposphagmata can occur as harmless consequence under ordinary circumstances, but also be the symptom of a serious disease. Possible causes are:

• Violent sneezing or coughing, such as pertussis
• Increased venous pressure by physical exertion such as lifting, pressing, under contractions, vomiting, or during a Valsalva experiment
• Abnormally high blood pressure ( hypertension ) and vascular disease (atherosclerosis )
• Increased bleeding, eg in case of failure or medication to prevent blood clotting
• Traumatic injury to the eye or in the region of the head
• Eye surgeries, such as to correct a refractive error (such as LASIK)
• Infectious acute conjunctivitis caused by viruses ( Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis)
• Infectious diseases with hämorraghischer symptoms such as leptospirosis

The differential diagnosis is the Hyposphagma delineate against conjunctivitis. A subconjunctival treatment of the present blood flow is usually not necessary because the hematoma is resorbed and degraded usually after 10-14 days.