Sufyan al-Thawri
Sufyan ibn Sa'īd ibn Masruq Abū ' Abd Allāh al - Kufi, known under the name of Sufyan ath - Thawri (Arabic سفيان الثوري ) (* 716 in Kufa, † 778 ) was an important Islamic scholar. He worked intensively with Islamic law, established a legal school, which aired a long time to Spain, and played an important role in the dissemination of numerous hadith traditions.
Life
Sufyan ath - Thawri was born in Kufa, Iraq, and quickly earned a reputation as a lawyer, with particular emphasis on hadith. In this he differed from the system that prevailed at that time in Iraq and was mainly characterized by the use of Ra'y, is regarded as the most important representative of Abu Hanifa. Between 732 and 737 Ath - Thawri began a 30 -year-old travel time, which was dedicated to the transmission of hadith and led him to Khorasan, in the Hijaz, and particularly to Basra. Here he came into the political disputes between the Abbasid and Umayyad. 769 he was offered as Kadi in Kufa a vacant position, but he refused. In order to avoid arrest and imprisonment, he fled to Sanaa. Between 769 and 774 he seems to have made a pilgrimage to Mecca, as well as frequent trips to Syria, Lebanon and Palestine. In his frequent encounters with al - Auza'i and their common student Abu Ishaq al - Fazari it came to the definition of legal decisions that have been detained, " the controversial doctrines of jurists " of at- Tabari later in Ichtilāf al - fuqaha ʾ / اختلاف الفقهاء. The law school Thaurīya he founded and named after him was decisive for the legal practice in the Maghreb and Al -Andalus until it was displaced by the Maliki school in the 10th century.
Towards the end of his life he was tired of the constant travel and accepted a reconciliation with the new authorities under the Caliph al - Mahdi. He died in Sha'ban 161 of the Islamic calendar (May 778 ), and was in Baghdad in addition to eminent scholars such as buried Hasan al- Basri.
Work
Among his partially lost work
- Two volumes of untraceable Hadith
- A band with provisions on succession
- A fragmentary commentary on the Qur'an
- Various religious treatises
- Some notes on science and on other areas of interest of the author.