Surface weather observation
The weather observation deals with the acquisition and recording of weather data. It is thus closely related to meteorology, tries, in contrast to the latter, to be no scientific explanations for the observations.
How to observe the weather?
Temperature, clouds ( types ), wind, humidity, etc. - - When weather monitoring the states of the Earth's atmosphere at a particular place, usually recorded at specified times. This happens now mostly automatically, but was also carried out manually in the past by the reading of measuring instruments or simply by writing the seen. Today, the weather observations of all government weather services are coded with a key weather and exchanged via a special data network worldwide.
History
From the regular monitoring of the atmosphere, but also other natural phenomena were passed in earlier times from rough laws. These laws are also known colloquially Bauer rules. In modern times, this resulted in the scientific field of meteorology.
Types of weather observation
One can basically distinguish two types of weather observation, synoptic and climatological.
Synoptic weather observation
The aim of the synoptic weather observation and recording is a short-to medium-range weather forecast. Long-term weather forecasts rich part already in the field of climatology.
These weather forecasts are performed with computers. For such a calculation, it is necessary to detect the state of the weather around the world on specific dates at the same time. Therefore, the synoptic weather observations are carried out synchronously. The Synoptic main observation dates are 00, 06, 12 and 18 UTC clock.
Climatological weather observation
The aim of the weather observations climatological purposes, it is, however, to compare the climate between different places. Therefore, the climatological observation ( local mean time ) is performed worldwide at certain times of day. Already in 1780 by the Societas Meteorologica Palatina ( Palatine Meteorological Society ) established the so-called Mannheim hours. Since that time, climatological weather observations at 7, 14 and 21 clock be performed.
Monitoring networks
The weather data are now collected via a network of monitoring stations ( monitoring network ) that are spread all over the world. In the Federal Republic of Germany to register next to the state the German Weather Service (DWD ) and the Geoinfomationsdienst the Bundeswehr ( BGIS ) with their monitoring networks and private weather services the data with their own monitoring networks. The private services waive, in contrast to state Wettderdienst DWD but on trained weather observers trained personnel, and record meteorological parameters exclusively automatically. The monitoring network of the DWD consists of 178 full-time stations, the BGIS maintains one with 34 stations. Both form the full-time official monitoring network in Germany.
One of the largest private weather monitoring networks provides AWEKAS ( Automatic Weather Map System) dar. AWEKAS is a global monitoring network composite private and public weather stations with over 6500 members from over 80 countries. The data of stations are processed in real time and made available immediately.
Private weather observation
Private weather records can provide an interesting insight into the weather patterns. Most will it entered into a weather diary, what temperatures, cloud types or shapes, wind speed and direction, humidity, and other interesting phenomena were observed. From the comparison of these data can later draw conclusions on regularities. Meanwhile, a certain degree of automation with PC is possible in the private sector. So there are systems and software to automatically collect with various sensors and data logging in a weather diary.
For the private weather recording can be similar to the following example to record the weather data.