Taiwanese Communist Party
The Communist Party of Taiwan (台湾 共产党Chinese, Pinyin Taiwan gongchandang; KPT ) existed from 1928 to its dissolution by Japanese police forces in 1931.
History
In the 1920s created the Japanese model Marxist study groups. On the one on Taiwan itself, on the other hand among the survivors in Shanghai. The nucleus of the party's " society of equality " (平 社), whose founding member Xu Naichang was sent as a student at the Communist University for Workers of the East was. The Chihuadang (赤 汉 党) was founded on October 27, 1924 should the Taiwanese Communist organizations bring together, but was unsuccessful and broke up after a few months. A new impetus was obtained by the movement of May 30 As strange was the collaboration of a woman, Xie Xuehong (谢雪红, Hsieh Hsuehhung; born as: Anue Xie谢 阿 女), who had left her husband. She stood in connection with Qu Qiubai. She also studied 1926-7 in Moscow.
The Communist Party was founded in Taiwan ( nine attendees ) in French Concession of Shanghai, at the behest of the Comintern with eighteen members on 15 April 1928. CCP delegate - with Ren Bishi as chairman - and from Korea participated. It elected a Central Committee (CC ) with the members Lin Mushun (林木 顺), Lin Rigao (林 日 高), Zhuang Chunhuo (庄 春 火), Hong Chaozong (洪朝宗) and Cai Xiaoqan (蔡 孝 干) and two spare men. The founding manifesto put as primary objectives determine the expulsion of the Japanese colonial rulers and establish an independent socialist republic on Formosa. True to the former ideological default " one CP per country " was the organization as an offshoot of the Communist Party (JCP ). Due to the sharp control of any "left" activities by the Japanese political police, there was, especially after March 1929, barely support of party work from the mother country.
Just ten days after the founding of the Japanese police in the international branch was active. Man arrested five members, including Xie Xuehong and deported them. The other squads from submerged.
The operating underground KPT never had more than 36 members, but on the left - national Cultural Organization (文化 协会; est. 1921) and the Peasant Union (台湾 农民 组合, Japanese: Taiwan Nomin Kumiai; est. 1927), with several thousand members achieved a broader effect. First, they tried to build an island- wide labor organization; on the island but there was hardly any industry workers. In February and April 1929, many of the 11,000 peasant union members were arrested, the party gained full control over the rest of 9600 members. The cultural organization could resolve 1930. The recruitment of new cadres went ahead slowly.
Within the small party organization formed two factions. The one to Weng Zesheng (翁泽生aka Ong Ding- chuan ) was in exile in Shanghai active and had a direct connection to the Moscow headquarters and acted as a mouthpiece. Conflicts over Bolshevism and the " links deviants " Li Lisan also influenced Weng.
Xie, who since 1929 operated a separate policy on Taiwan, since the spring of 1930 was the only Central Committee member on the island. They drove in the face of the economic crisis in October a more radical course. There was not a workers' delegate who ( 15 to 30 July 1930) as enjoined on the 5th Congress of the Profintern in Moscow could participate. Instead, they sent the peasants Chen Dexing, which reached only to Shanghai. There he met with Weng and Comintern representatives. After his return he established in January 1931, the "Reform Alliance" ( Gaige Tongmeng ) with six members. Already between November 1930 and April 1931 Weng had tried by five emissaries to enforce its ideological conceptions on the island. The domierende Xie was overthrown and expelled from the party. This radical group to Su Xin (苏 新) and Wang Wande (王 万 得) now gained the upper hand. We looked at herself then no longer part of the CPY, but as an independent member of the Third International.
Propaganda activities such strike calls were reinforced, they campaigned in support of the uprising of the Atayal in October. Due to the increased activity we got more into the focus of the Japanese. A written statement of the Comintern, which criticized the current party line and calling for radicalization, was intercepted by the Shanghai Municipal Police. Then it came out in June 1931, initially to the arrest of Yakov Rudnik. By early 1932, almost all party members were arrested on Taiwan. Weng, in custody since April 4, 1933, died in 1939 from an illness. Lin Munshun died in 1934 in Ruijin.
Xie, arrested on 26 June 1931 was sentenced to thirteen years in prison, but ill 1939 released subject to conditions. She was involved in the incident of 28 February 1947, founding member of the "Unit 27 " After the failure of the uprising they came to Hong Kong where she "Taiwan League " (台湾 民主 自治 同盟, short台 盟) established that its activities in 1949 moved to Beijing. She died there in 1970.