Taymyr River

Catchment area of ​​the Taimyra with Taimyrsee

Template: Infobox River / Obsolete

The Taimyra (Russian Таймыра, also called Taimyr ), consisting of Upper Taimyra ( 567 km long) and Lower Taimyra (187 km), is a 840 km (without the flow path in Taimyrsee 754 km ) long stream and at the same time supply the Kara Sea ( Arctic Ocean ) on the Taimyr peninsula, both in the north of the Krasnoyarsk region of Siberia and the Asian part of Russia.

  • 2.1 History
  • 2.2 catchment and inflows

Upper Taimyra

Water Code ( TMC): 17030000112116100143165

Course

As Upper Taimyra ( Верхняя Таймыра; Verkhnaya Taimyra ), which is 499 km and together with its approximately 68 km each long headwaters 567 km long, the river formed about 850 km north of the Arctic Circle in the middle part of to 1125 m high Byrrangagebirges from the union of two source rivers: First head of Taimyra ( Первая Голова Таймыры; Perwaja Golowa Taimyry ) on the left side and the second head Taimyra ( Вторая Голова Таймыры, Wtoraja Golowa Taimyry ) on the right side. From there it flows initially, the mountains leaving while quickly losing altitude, according to south-southwest, then turning in the Taimyrsenke, the central part of the North Siberian Lowland, first to the east and then to the northeast and to go into the big Taimyrsee.

Catchment and inflows

The catchment area of the Upper Taimyra is about 50,400 km ². Among the tributaries of the Upper Taimyra include Ajatari, Luktach, Gorbita, Logata (from right ) and Kyida, Deptumala, Fadjukuda, Large Bootankaga (left). In addition, a lead within the Taimyrsees Bikada - Nguoma, Jamutarida, Kalamissamo, Ledjanaja, Olenja, Sapadnaja and Ugolnaja

Lower Taimyra

Water Code ( TMC): 17030000112116100139625

Course

As Lower Taimyra ( Нижняя Таймыра; Nischnjaja Taimyra ), which is 187 km long, the river leaves about 960 km north of the Arctic Circle the Taimyrsee in which he has traveled 86 km flow path, at the northern end of the Nordwestarms and shortly thereafter small by the Engelhardtsee to flow. He crossed a little north flowing, the Byrrangagebirge and then the lowlands in the north of the Taimyr peninsula, only to end in the eastern part of the Kara Sea in Taimyrgolf, a marginal sea of the Arctic Ocean.

Catchment and inflows

The catchment area of the Lower Taimyra is without the Upper Taimyra about 73,600 km ² and with that of the Upper Taimyra approximately 124,000 km ². Among the tributaries of the Lower Taimyra include Traut Fetter from the right and from the left Schrenk, the latter from the mamonta ( mammoth river ) is fed. In addition, in the mostly already designated on maps as Lower Taimyra extreme west of a lead of Taimyrsees Tschornyje Jary and Severnaya.

Climate, hydrology, flora and fauna

The Taimyra covered approximately from mid-September to June from ice. When thaw in the summer of permafrost and melting ice and snow, often creates strong flood. The mean annual runoff ( MQ ) is 1,220 m³ / s

The plane passing through the tundra with typical vegetation of mosses and lichens Taimyra is rich in fish and habitat, among others, vendace and Omulen.

History

Discovered by Europeans and first investigated the Taimyra was during the Second Kamchatka in between 1737 and 1742. Moreover, the Russian polar explorer Semyon Tscheljuskin arrived (around 1700-1764 ) and Chariton Laptev ( 1700-1763 ), at that time a journey from the eastern Chatanga took along the coast of the Taymyr Peninsula to the western Pjassina, in the spring of 1741 to the Taimyramündung; they reached the northernmost point of the Taimyr peninsula (now known as Cape Tscheljuskin ) and described the coast of the peninsula of the river mouth.

Much later the Taimyra was during the expedition of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1842-1845), the North and East Siberia ( Taimyr peninsula, inter alia, coastal Sea of ​​Okhotsk and Amur ), led by the Baltic German explorer and zoologist Alexander Theodor examined by Middendorff (1815-1894) in the summer of 1843 from the origin to the mouth and described.

Moved or nomadisierte at times Laptews and Middendorffs downstream only to the western and southern shores of Taimyrsees because the vegetation period in the regions north of the lake, along the Lower Taimyra by the Byrrangagebirge to the indigenous Nenets, dolganische and partly Yakut population of the area to the sea coast, is too short to feed their reindeer herds sufficient.

References and sources

  • River system Taimyra
  • River in Asia
  • River in Krasnoyarsk
Lake Taymyr Taymyr Gulf Bryophyte Khatanga River Pyasina River Cape Chelyuskin Sea of Okhotsk Amur River Nenets people Dolgans
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