Tephritidae
- Tachiniscinae
- Blepharoneurinae
- Phytalmiinae
- Dacinae
- Trypetinae
- Tephritinae
The fruit or fruit flies ( Tephritidae, formerly Trypetidae ) are a family of flies ( Brachycera ). Worldwide occur about 4500 species, of which about 290 species live in Central Europe. The Tephritidae should not be confused with the fruit flies ( Drosophilidae ), which are also referred to as " fruit flies " in the German language.
Features
These products are considered to small to medium sized birds with conspicuous drawn wings. In addition to the compound eyes of the animals also have simple eyes ( ocelli ). Their antennae are dreisegmentig, their mouthparts are well trained. The females have an eversible ovipositor ( ovipositor ).
Way of life
The adults usually have a very short useful life of several days.
The maggot-like larvae of phytophagous animals live almost exclusively in the interior of plants and are found in virtually all parts of the plants. Here, some species also form plant galls. There are also those species, such as Euphranta toxoneura that live parasitically in plant galls of other insects. The females pierce their eggs with an ovipositor directly into the plants and fruits. Fruit flies of the genus Bactrocera can cause in olive plantation crop losses of up to 100 %.
There are numerous types, which sometimes can cause considerable damage to agriculture and fruit growing. In cherry orchards, eg, the trees with nets against the cherry fruit fly ( Rhagoletis cerasi ) must be protected, their larvae develop in the cherries.
Types (selection)
- Cherry fruit fly ( Rhagoletis cerasi )
- Honeysuckle Made ( Rhagoletis mendax × Zephyria )
- Apple fruit fly ( Rhagoletis pomonella )
- Mediterranean fruit fly ( Ceratitis capitata )
- Walnut fruit fly ( Rhagoletis completa )
- Distelbohrfliege ( Urophora cardui )
- Xyphosia miliaria
- Euleia heraclei