Terry Winograd
Terry Allen Winograd ( born February 24, 1946 in Takoma Park, Maryland ) is an American computer scientist, known for research on AI.
Winograd studied at Colorado College ( bachelor's degree in mathematics in 1966 ) and after a year as a Fulbright Scholar at University College London in 1967, where he worked on linguistics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). There he developed in the AI Lab at Seymour Papert and Marvin Minsky 1968 to 1970 for his dissertation (1970 ), the SHRDLU, a program should try this, to converse in natural language over a toy world of building blocks, while the difficulty of programming natural dialogues pointed out. 1970 to 1973 he was Instructor of Mathematics and Assistant Professor of Electrical Engineering at MIT. In 1973 he went to Stanford University, where he pursued his studies further in AI for understanding natural language in the 1970s. In addition, worked from 1972 to 1983 in the laboratories of the nearby Xerox PARC research center. From a planned series of books Language as a cognitive process but only appeared the first volume (1983, about syntax). In 1974, he was Assistant Professor, Associate Professor in 1979 and from 1989 professor at Stanford. In 2005 he was a founding member of the Hasso Plattner Institute of Design ( d -school ) at Stanford. (Google co-founder Larry Page was a former student of Winograd, who left the University in 1998 to found Google) was interrupted his teaching career at Stanford by visits 2002/ 03 at Google, where he is from 2001 consultants and 1992/93 at Interval Research, where he worked from 1993 to 1998 as a consultant. Other long-standing consultant activities were 1987-1996 at Action Technologies in Alameda and from 2004 for xRefer.
In the 1980s he turned under the influence of criticism from Hubert Dreyfus and his encounter with the Chilean philosopher Fernando Flores, with whom he wrote a critical book AI, increasingly from classical AI research. Instead, he turned to the communication of human- computer and the software engineering (eg, design thinking ).
He is a member of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM ) and the Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility, whose advice he served as a founding member in 1984 and from which he was president from 1987 to 1990. They criticized in the early 1980s, the involvement of computer scientists in research for military purposes.
He is married to the now Emeritus Professor of Medicine at Stanford Carol Hunter Winograd and has two daughters.
Writings
- Understanding natural language, Academic Press 1972
- Language as a cognitive process, Vol.1 Syntax, Addison -Wesley 1983
- Fernando Flores: Understanding computers and cognition: . a new foundation of design, Ablex Pub, 1986
- With Paul S. Adler ( Editor): Usability -turning technologies into tools, Oxford University Press 1992
- With John Bennett, Laura De Young, Bradley Hartfield (Editor): Bringing Design to Software, ACM Press 1996
- Beyond programming languages , Communications of the ACM, Bd.22, July 1979, S.391
- What does it mean to understand natural language? , Cognitive Science, Volume 4, 1980, p.209
- Brad Johanson, Armando Fox: Interactive Workspaces, IEEE Computer, Vol 36, 2003, pp. 99-103.
- Interaction Spaces for 21st Century Computing, in John Carroll (Editor ), Human - Computer Interaction in the New Millennium, Addison -Wesley, 2001.
- Thinking machines: Can there be? Are We in James Sheehan, Morton Sosna (Editor): The Boundaries of Humanity: Humans, Animals, Machines, Berkeley, University of California Press, 1990 (also in D. Partridge, Y. Wilks (Eds. ), The Foundations of Artificial Intelligence, Cambridge Univ. Press, 1990 ).
- A language / action perspective on the design of cooperative work in Human - Computer Interaction, Vol 1987-88, pp. 3-30 ( reprinted in Irene Greif ( Editor): Computer - Supported Cooperative Work: A Book of Readings, San Mateo, Morgan Kaufmann, 1988, S.623 -653 )