TetÃn (Beroun District)
Tetín is a municipality in the district of Beroun in the Czech Republic. It is located about 40 kilometers southwest of Prague and two kilometers from the district town of Beroun on a high rock above the river Berounka. The village has 750 inhabitants (2006). Tetín is one of the oldest Czech pilgrimage places.
History
Strategically located area has been inhabited since the Neolithic period. In the early Middle Ages there was a hill fort, which dated to the late 9th century, according to archaeological investigations in 2006. It was incorporated in the 10th century in the sphere of influence of Přemyslids and served to guard a river ford on the trade route to Regensburg and as an administrative center. Tetín was known primarily as the home and refuge of the first Christian ruler of Bohemia Ludmilla, 921 died a violent death here. The chronicler Cosmas of Prague in the 12th century combined with the location of the fabled ancient Bohemia and wrote the founding of the priestess to Teta, the daughter of Krok and sister of Libuse.
The fortified complex of Přemyslids lost in the 10th century in importance. In the 13th century arose in its place a Gothic castle, in 1321 in the possession of Stepan of Tetín, an illegitimate members of Přemyslidenhauses came. Shortly afterwards bought King Charles IV to the place and beat him to the rule of the Karlstejn Castle. During the Hussite Wars in 1422, the castle was destroyed.
Since the Middle Ages lime was broken on the nearby mountain Damil. The material is used for example for the construction of the town hall in Beroun and the Theresienstadt. Later it was used as a raw material for cement production. In 1898, the narrow-gauge railway royal - Beraun - Koneprus started its operations. Since its closure in 1962 Kalkförderung is set. One of the quarries is now used as a motocross track.
Attractions
The castle of Přemyslids, about 10 ha in size originally, is now fully involved in the area of the municipality. It still preserves remains of the ramparts in a length of about 400 meters. Also from the Gothic castle can be seen in ruins.
In Tetín there are three churches:
- The old parish church, originally the Church of St. Michael, contains Romanesque buildings of 12-13. Century. She learned several renovations, most recently in 1836, and changed its patron saint and she was dedicated to St. John Nepomuk. There are signs that at this point was the built in the early 10th century grave church of Saint Ludmilla.
- The also Romanesque Church of St. Catherine is dated to the last quarter of the 12th century. Its present appearance dates back to a reconstruction in 1858. At the cemetery tombs have been found dating from the 11th century.
- The third church is dedicated to St. Ludmila. The early Baroque edifice was constructed in 1685 in place of an older chapel and in 1781 determined the parish church of the village. It is equipped with an organ from 1771.
Near the village are the nature reserves Tetínské rocks and coda.
Personalities
- 921 died here in the Holy Ludmilla of Bohemia.
- In the 16th century chronicler Václav Hájek Tetín was the z Libočan parish priest.
Community structure
The municipality consists of the villages Tetín Koda and Tetín. Basic settlement units are Koda, Kolednik and Tetín.