Teucrium

Blossoms of the sage Gamanders ( Teucrium scorodonia )

The germander ( Teucrium ) are a genus of flowering plants in the mint family ( Lamiaceae). It is characterized blütenmorphologisch by the apparent lack of the upper lip of the corolla. The about 250 species are distributed almost worldwide with a focus on biodiversity in the Mediterranean.

3.1 Notes and references

Description

Vegetative characteristics

In germander species are annual or perennial herbaceous plants, subshrubs or shrubs. The oppositely arranged leaves are constantly stalked usually short. The leaf margin is entire, crenate or pinnatifid.

Generative features

The flowers are in one-to dreiblütigen (rarely to zehnblütigen ) cymes in the axils of leaves or leaf-like bracts converted to bracts. The stalked, hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and fünfzählig double perianth. The five Kelchbätter is fused tube- to bell-shaped and the chalice has ten nerves. The calyx teeth are alike and the Goblet of radial symmetry, or the calyx two-lipped - in the case is the top calyx tooth on the largest and forms an upper lip. The crown has a short corolla tube without hair ring on the inside. Only the lower lip is formed clearly. The upper lip is inconspicuous, short and split. The tip is moved to the lower lip, so that the impression that the lower lip was five-lobed and the upper lip is totally lacking. The four stamens protrude from the corolla tube. The pen bears two short, slightly unequal stigma lobes. The flowers are mostly protandrous, pollination is often made by bees and bumblebees.

The Klausen are ovoid to spherical, its surface is veined, wrinkled or smooth. A Elaiosom missing.

Systematics and distribution

The genus Teucrium was established by Carl Linnaeus. Synonyms for Teucrium L. are: Chamaedrys Mill, polium Mill, Mill scordium, scorodonia Hill, Iva Fabr nom. illeg. , Melosmon Raf., Monipsis Raf., Scorbion Raf., Trixago Raf., Webb & Berthel Poliodendron. , Monochilon Dulac, Botrys Fourr. , Kinostemon Kudo. The genus Teucrium belongs to the subfamily within the family Lamiaceae Ajugoideae.

50 Of the approximately 250 species occur in Europe. They come in Central Europe, grape germander ( Teucrium botrys ), precious germander ( Teucrium chamaedrys ), mountain germander ( Teucrium montanum ), garlic germander ( Teucrium scordium ), sage germander ( Teucrium scorodonia L.) with two subspecies: subsp. scordium subsp. scordioides ( Schreb. ) Arcang. before. before.

There are about 250 species:

Teucrium abutiloides L' Hér.
Teucrium africanum Thunb.
Teucrium afrum ( Emb & Maire ) Pau & Font cross
Teucrium ajugaceum F.M.Bailey & F.Muell.
Teucrium albicaule Toelken
Teucrium albidum Munby
Teucrium alborubrum Hemsl.
Teucrium × alexeenkoanum Juz.
Teucrium algarbiense ( Cout. ) Cout.
Teucrium alopecurus Noë
Teucrium alpestre Sm: The home is Crete.
Teucrium × alvarezii Alcaraz, Sánchez- Gómez, Torre & S.Ríos
Teucrium alyssifolium Stapf
Teucrium andrusi Post
Teucrium angustissimum Schreb.
Teucrium anlungense CYWu & S.Chow: He thrives on open mountain slopes at altitudes from 600 to 1500 meters in the Chinese provinces of Guizhou and Yunnan. In traditional Chinese medicine, it is a medicinal plant.
Teucrium annandalei Mukerjee
Teucrium antiatlanticum ( Maire ) Sauvage & Vindt
Teucrium antilibanoticum Mouterde
Teucrium antitauricum Ekim
Teucrium Apollinis Maire & Weiller: The home is only Libya.
Teucrium aragonense Loscos & J.Pardo
Teucrium L. arduinii
Teucrium argutum R.Br.
Teucrium aristatum Pérez Lara
Teucrium aroanium Orph. ex Boiss.
Teucrium asiaticum L.: The home is only the Balearic Islands.
Teucrium atratum Pomel
Teucrium aureiforme Pomel
Teucrium aureum Schreb.
Teucrium × badiae Sennen
Teucrium balearicum ( Coss. ex Pau) Castrov. & Bayon
Teucrium balfourii Vierh.
Teucrium balthazaris Sennen
Teucrium barbarum Jahand. & Maire
Teucrium barbeyanum Asch. & Taub. ex E.J.Durand & Barratte
Teucrium × bergamot dense Sennen
Teucrium betonicum L' Hér.
Teucrium bicolor Sm
Teucrium bicoloreum Pau ex Vicioso
Teucrium biden tatum Hemsl. He thrives in slope forests at altitudes from 1000 to 1300 meters in Taiwan and the Chinese provinces of Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Sichuan and Yunnan. In traditional Chinese medicine, it is a medicinal plant.
Grape germander ( Teucrium botrys L.)
Teucrium brachyandrum Puech
Teucrium bracteatum Desf.
Kurzblättriger germander ( Teucrium brevifolium Schreb. ): It is common in the southern Aegean Sea, in Greece, in Asia Minor, and in northeastern Africa.
Teucrium × bubanii Sennen
Teucrium bullatum Coss. & Balansa: The home is only Morocco.
Teucrium burmanicum Mukerjee
Teucrium buxifolium Schreb.
Teucrium L. campanulatum
Teucrium canadense L.
Teucrium canum fish. & C.A.Mey.
Capitate germander ( Teucrium capitatum L.): It is common in the Mediterranean area.
Teucrium carolipaui Vicioso ex Pau
Teucrium carthaginense Long
Teucrium × carvalhoi A.F.Carrillo & al.
Teucrium cavanillesianum font cross & Jeronimo
Teucrium cavernarum P.H.Davis
Precious germander ( Teucrium chamaedrys L.): He is having 10 to 14 subspecies distributed in the Mediterranean.
Teucrium chardonianum Maire & Wilczek
Teucrium charidemi Sandwith
Teucrium chasmophyticum Rech f
Teucrium chlorocephalum Celak.
Teucrium chlorostachyum Pau & Font cross
Teucrium chrysotrichum Long
Teucrium cincinnatum Maire
Teucrium clementiae Ryding
Teucrium coahuilanum B.L.Turner
Teucrium × coeleste Schreb.
Teucrium compactum Clemente ex Lag
Teucrium coniortodes Boiss. & Blanche
Teucrium × conquense M.B.Crespo & Mateo
Teucrium × contejeani Giraudias
Teucrium corymbiferum Desf.
Teucrium corymbosum R.Br.
Teucrium cossonii D.Wood
Teucrium L. creticum
Teucrium cubense Jacq. It is spread from southeastern California to Mexico and Costa Rica, on the Caribbean islands as well as from southern Brazil to northern Argentina.
Teucrium cuneifolium Sm: The home is Crete.
Teucrium cyprium Boiss.
Teucrium cyrenaicum ( Maire & Weiller ) Brullo & Furnari
Teucrium davaeanum Coss.
Teucrium dealeanum Emb & Maire
Teucrium decaisnei C.Presl
Teucrium decipiens Coss. & Balansa
Teucrium demnatense Coss. ex Batt.
Teucrium divaricatum Sieber ex Heldr.
Teucrium × djebalicum font cross-
Teucrium doumerguei Sennen
Teucrium ducellieri Batt.
Teucrium dumulosum ( Ind. f ) Brullo & Guarino
Teucrium dunense Sennen
Teucrium eburneum Thulin
Teucrium edetanum M.B.Crespo, Mateo & T.Navarro
Teucrium × eloualidii Sánchez- Gómez & T.Navarro
Teucrium embergeri ( Sauvage & Vindt ) El Oualidi, T.Navarro & A.Martin
Teucrium eremaeum Diels
Teucrium eriocephalum Willk.
Teucrium × estevei Alcaraz, Sánchez- Gómez & JSCarrión
Teucrium eximium O.Schwartz
Teucrium expassum Pau
Teucrium fagetorum Klokov
Teucrium faurei Maire
Teucrium fililobum F.Muell. ex Benth.
Yellow germander ( Teucrium flavum L.): He's with at least four subspecies distributed in the Mediterranean area.
Teucrium fragile Boiss.
Teucrium franchetianum Rouy & Coincy
Teucrium francisci - werneri Rech f
Teucrium Francoi M.Seq. , Capelo, JCCosta & R.Jardim
Teucrium freynii E.Rev. ex Willk.
Shrubby germander ( Teucrium fruticans L.): This up to 2.5 meters tall shrub is common in the western Mediterranean.
Teucrium gattefossei Emb
Teucrium glandulosum Kellogg
Teucrium gnaphalodes L' Hér.
Teucrium × gnaphaureum M.B.Crespo & Mateo
Teucrium goetzei Gürke
Teucrium gracile Barbey & Fors. Major
Teucrium grandifolium R.A.Clement
Teucrium grisebachii Hieron. ex Epling
Teucrium Grosii Pau
Teucrium × guemesii JFJiménez, AFCarrillo, MACarrión
Teucrium gypsophilum Emb & Maire
Teucrium haenseleri Boiss.
Teucrium halacsyanum Heldr.
Teucrium haradjanii Briq. ex Rech f
Verschiedenblättriger germander ( Teucrium heterophyllum L' Hér. ): It occurs on the Canary Islands and in the southern Madeira.
Teucrium heterotrichum Briq. ex Rech f
Teucrium Hieronymi Sennen
Teucrium hifacense Pau
Teucrium hedge hijazicum & R.A.King
Teucrium L. hircanicum
Teucrium homotrichum ( font cross ) Rivas Mart.
Teucrium huotii Emb & Maire
Teucrium integrifolium Benth. It grows in thickets at an altitude of about 1000 meters only in the Chinese province of Guizhou.
Teucrium intricatum Long
Teucrium japonicum Houtt. It is spread with three varieties in China, Japan and Korea.
Teucrium joannis ( Sauvage & Vindt ) El Oualidi, T.Navarro & A.Martin
Teucrium jolyi Mathez & Sauvage
Teucrium kabylicum Batt.
Teucrium karpasiticum Hadjik. & Hand
Teucrium kotschyanum Poech
Teucrium kraussii Codd
Teucrium krymense Juz.
Teucrium kyreniae ( P.H.Davis ) Hadjik. & Hand
Teucrium labiosum CYWu & S.Chow: It thrives in slope forests at altitudes of about 1200 meters in the Chinese provinces of Guizhou, Sichuan and Yunnan.
Teucrium laciniatum Torr.
Teucrium lamiifolium d' Urv.
Teucrium lanigerum Lag
Teucrium laxum D.Don
Teucrium leonis Sennen
Teucrium lepicephalum Pau
Teucrium leucocladum Boiss.
Teucrium Leucophyllum Montbret & divers ex Benth.
Teucrium libanitis Schreb.
Teucrium lini - vaccarii Pamp.
Teucrium lucidum L.
Teucrium lusitanicum Schreb.
Teucrium luteum (Mill.) Degen ( syn.. Teucrium aureum Schreb, Teucrium aureum subsp polium ( Schreb. ) Arcang. . ): It is widespread with about eight subspecies in Spain, France, Sicily, Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco.
Teucrium macrophyllum ( C.Y.Wu & S.Chow ) J.H.Zheng
Teucrium Macrum Boiss. & Hausskn.
Teucrium × maestracense M.B.Crespo & Mateo
Teucrium malenconianum Maire
Teucrium manghuaense YZSun ex S.Chow: His two varieties thrive in laurel forests only in the Chinese province of Yunnan.
Cat germander ( Teucrium Marum L.): It occurs only western Mediterranean Islands and Murter in Croatia.
Teucrium mascatense Boiss.
Teucrium L. massiliense
Teucrium × mateoi Solanas, MBCrespo & De la Torre
Teucrium melissoides Boiss. & Hausskn.
Teucrium micranthum B.J.Conn
Teucrium microphyllum Desf.
Teucrium micropodioides Rouy
Teucrium mideltense ( Batt ) Humbert
Teucrium mitecum Tattou & El Oualidi
Mountain germander ( Teucrium montanum L.)
Teucrium montbretii Benth. He is me spread five subspecies in Crete and Asia Minor.
Teucrium × mugronense PPFerrer, Rosselló, Gómez Nav & Guara
Teucrium multicaule Montbret & divers ex Benth.
Teucrium murcicum Sennen
Teucrium musimonum Humbert ex Maire
Teucrium myriocladum Diels
Teucrium nanum CYWu & S.Chow: He thrives on grassy slopes in the Chinese provinces of Sichuan and Yunnan.
Teucrium × navarroi Sánchez- Gómez, Güemes, AFCarrillo, Coy & A.Hern.
Teucrium nudicaule Hook.
Teucrium nummularifolium Baker
Teucrium odontites Boiss. & Balansa
Teucrium oliverianum Ching. ex Benth.
Teucrium omeiense YZSun: His two varieties thrive in moist forests at altitudes from 1200 to 2600 meters in the Chinese provinces of Sichuan and Yunnan.
Teucrium orientale L.
Teucrium ornatum Hemsl.
Teucrium oxylepis font cross-
Teucrium ozturkii A.P.Khokhr.
Teucrium paederotoides Boiss.
Teucrium parviflorum Schreb.
Teucrium pernyi Franch. It grows in hilly areas and fields at altitudes 200-1100 meters in China.
Teucrium persicum Boiss.
Teucrium pestalozzae Boiss.
Teucrium petelotii Doan ex Suddee & A.J.Paton
Teucrium pilbaranum B.J.Conn
Teucrium plectranthoides Gamble
Teucrium polioides Ryding
Teucrium polium L.: He's with five subspecies common in the Mediterranean.
Teucrium popovii R.A.King
Teucrium × portusmagni Sánchez Gómez & al.
Teucrium procerum Boiss. & Blanche
Teucrium proctorii L.O.Williams
Teucrium pruinosum Boiss.
Teucrium pseudaroanium Parolly, Erdag & Nordt
Teucrium × pseudoaragonense M.B.Crespo & Mateo
Teucrium L. pseudochamaepitys
Teucrium pseudoscorodonia Desf.
Teucrium × pseudothymifolium Sánchez- Gómez, Güemes & AFCarrillo
Teucrium pugionifolium Pau
Teucrium × pujolii Sennen
Teucrium pumilum Loefl. ex L.
Teucrium L. pyrenaicum
Teucrium racemosum R.Br.
Teucrium radicans Bonnet & Barrette
Teucrium ramaswamii M.B.Viswan. & Manik.
Teucrium ramosissimum Desf.
Teucrium reidii Toelken & D.Dean Cunn.
Teucrium resupinatum Desf.
Teucrium rhodocalyx O.Schwartz
Teucrium rifanum ( Maire & Sennen ) Maire & Sennen
Teucrium rigidum Benth.
Teucrium × rigualii De la Torre & Alcaraz
Teucrium × riosii De la Torre & Alcaraz
Teucrium rivas- martinezii Alcarez & al.
Teucrium × riverae De la Torre & Alcaraz
Teucrium rixanense Ruíz Ruíz Torre & Cast.
Teucrium × robledoi De la Torre & Alcaraz
Teucrium ronnigeri Sennen
Teucrium rotundifolium Schreb. It is found only in Spain and Morocco.
Teucrium rouyanum Coste & Soulie
Teucrium royleanum Wall. ex Benth.
Teucrium × rubrovirens Pau
Teucrium rupestre Coss. & Balansa
Teucrium × sagarrae font cross-
Teucrium salviastrum Schreb.
Teucrium sandrasicum O.Schwarz
Teucrium santae Quézel & Simonn. Greuter & Burdet ex
Teucrium sauvagei Le houer.
Teucrium scabrum Suddee & A.J.Paton
Garlic germander ( Teucrium scordium L.)
Sage germander ( Teucrium scorodonia L.)
Teucrium × scorolepis Pajarón & A.Molina
Teucrium serpylloides Maire & Weiller
Teucrium sessiliflorum Benth.
Teucrium shanicum Mukerjee
Teucrium similatum T.Navarro & Rosua
Teucrium simplex Vaniot
Teucrium socinianum Boiss.
Teucrium socotranum Vierh. It is endemic to Socotra.
Teucrium soloitanum ( Maire ) T.Navarro & Rosua
Teucrium somalense Ryding
Teucrium spinosum L.
Teucrium stocksianum Boiss.
Teucrium subspinosum Pourr. ex Willd.
Teucrium taiwanianum T.H.Hsieh & T.C.Huang
Teucrium takoumitense Förther & Podlech
Teucrium tananicum Maire: The home is only Morocco.
Teucrium teinense Kudo
Teucrium terciae ( Sánchez- Gómez, MACarrión & A.Hern. ) Sánchez- Gómez, MACarrión & A.Hern.
Teucrium thieleanum B.J.Conn
Teucrium thymifolium Schreb.
Teucrium thymoides Pomel
Teucrium townsendii Vasey & Rose
Teucrium trifidum Retz.
Teucrium tsinlingense C.Y.Wu & S.Chow
Teucrium turredanum Losa & Rivas Goday
Teucrium ussuriense Kom: It is widely used in the Russian Primorye and in the Chinese provinces of Hebei, Liaoning and Shanxi.
Teucrium veronicoides Maxim.
Teucrium vesicarium Mill
Teucrium Vincentinum Rouy: It occurs only on the Iberian Peninsula.
Teucrium viscidum flower
Teucrium wattii Prain
Teucrium webbianum Boiss. The home is only Spain.
Teucrium werneri Emb: The home is only Morocco.
Teucrium wightii Hook. f
Teucrium yemense Deflers
Teucrium zaianum Emb & Maire: The home is only Morocco.
Teucrium zanonii Pamp. The home is only Libya.

Documents

Siegmund Seybold (ed.): Schmeil - Fitschen interactive. CD -ROM, Version 1.1, Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6.
Thomas Gaskell Tutin, David Wood: Teucrium L. In: TG Tutin, VH Heywood, NA Burges, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb ( eds.): Flora Europaea. Volume 3: Diapensiaceae to Myoporaceae, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1972, ISBN 0 - 521-08489 -X, pp. 129-135 ( limited preview on Google Book Search ).
Ingrid Schoenfelder, Peter Schoenfelder: Cosmos Atlas Mediterranean and Canary Islands flora. Over 1600 plant species. Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-440-06223-6.
Werner Greuter, Burdet Hervé -Maurice, Guy Long ( Eds.): Med - Checklist. A critical inventory of vascular plants of the circum - mediterranean countries. Vol 3 ( Dicotyledones: Convolvulaceae - Labiatae ). Conservatoire et Jardin Botanique, Geneva, 1986, ISBN 2-8277-0153-7, pp. 366-380 (online).
Nina Davies, Gemma Bramley, Don Kirkup: Interactive Key to the genera of Lamiaceae. Teucrium. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Asterids Perennial plant Stigma (botany) Elaiosome Tom Tutin Agricultural Research Service

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