Thomas Henry Holland

Sir Thomas Henry Holland ( born November 22, 1868 in Helston, † May 15 1947 in Surbiton, Surrey ) was a British geologist and university professor, who worked temporarily as director of the Geological Survey of India.

Life

Holland was one of eight children of John Holland and Grace Treloar Roberts. His school he graduated from in his hometown of Helston. After Holland studied from 1884 at the Royal College of Science in South Kensington, where he graduated with the best results made ​​in geology in 1888. This is followed by an assistant joined in Manchester at Owens College.

In 1890, he went at the age of 21 years with intermediate stops in the United States, Canada and the Far East to India and was employed in Calcutta at the Geological Survey of India (GSI ), the uppermost geological authority of the country as an assistant. His activity as curator of the geological museum and laboratory began in October 1890. In Calcutta he taught geology developed at Presidency College from 1892 in the tray. During this time he worked on rocks, while the rock massif from St. Thomas Mount. Meanwhile, hitherto hardly been studied crystalline rock occurs in India on a large scale, but it is rare to find in other parts of the world. The particular mineral composition of the rock already noticed Thomas Oldham, the first director of the Geological Survey of India. Holland observed that this rock was used for the tomb of Job Charnock (1630-1692), founder of the city of Calcutta. He presented in 1893 at a meeting of the Asiatic Society of Bengal His results. Because he recognized the rock as a representative with independent petrographic characteristics, it received from him the name Charnockite. His first scientific description in this regard comes from the year 1900.

In 1893 (2nd edition 1898) published in Holland Manual of the Geology of India as the first volume in the series Economic Geology his work on the corundum and its Edelsteinvarietäten with the sites in India and neighboring areas. The publication describes the deposits and the lithological correlations of their occurrence. In the illustrations will be discussed traditional and modern uses and processing of the mineral. The designs Add more than one card inserts.

Between 1903 and 1909 Holland was the Director of the Geological Survey of India. From 1922 to 1929 he was the Imperial College in London as rector. Between 1929 and 1944 Holland worked as Principal of the University of Edinburgh.

Appreciations and functions

  • Vice- President of the Geological Society of London
  • Elected member ( Fellow ) of the Royal Society (1904 )
  • Honorary doctorate from the University of Calcutta ( 1908)
  • KCIE for scientific achievements (1908 )
  • KCSI for military services (1918 )

Selected Publications

  • The Charnockites Series, a Group of Archean Hypersthenic Rocks in Peninsular India. In: Memoirs of the Geological Society of India, Vol 28 (1900 ), pp. 119-249
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