Tibetic languages
The Tibetan languages ( Tibetan short ) form a subunit of bodischen languages belonging to the Tibeto-Burman languages , a primary branch of the Sino Tibetan. The approximately 50 Tibetan languages are spoken by 5.6 million people in the Himalayan region, especially in Tibet, northern India, Nepal and Bhutan. The largest single language is the Central Tibetan, which is spoken by 2 million Tibetans in the provinces of Lhasa, Shigatse and Ngari.
To designate
The term " Tibetan languages " is used here in a broader meaning than the term " Tibetan languages ". The latter includes only the classical Tibetan and its modern variants, but not more distantly related languages such as Dzongkha, Bumthang or Lhokpu. In the German literature, there is no uniform understanding this. Instead of " Tibetan " is sometimes called " Bodisch " used that but usually - as in this case - is used for the more comprehensive unit comprising except the Tibetan nor the Tamang Ghale languages, Tshangla, Takpa and Dhimal -Toto ( see Bodische languages). In the English literature "Tibetan " is for " Tibetan", " Bodish " " Tibetan " and for " Bodic " used " Bodisch " for.
Tibetan within the Sino Tibetan
- Sino-Tibetan Tibetobirmanisch Bodisch Tibetan
Classification and numbers of speakers
- Tibetan or Tibetan i.w.S. Tibetan Classic Tibetan †
- Northeast Amdo ( 800 thousand ) Dialects: Brogpa, Rongpa, Rtahu, Golog
- Kham ( 1.5 million) Dialects: East, West, South, North; Hbrugcgu, Jone = Honi = Cone
- Tibetan ( Central Tibetan) ( 2 million) Dialects: Lhasa = Ü = dBus, Shigatse = Tsang, Ngari
- Nyarong ( Atuentse )
- Sherpa ( Sherpa Solukhumbu ) (60 thousand)
- Helambu Sherpa (10 thousand)
- Dolpo (10 thousand)
- Halung ( flush, Olang Chung ) (10 thousand)
- Lakha (8 K )
- Lhomi ( Shingsaba ) ( 6 thousand )
- Jirel (5 thousand)
- Mugu ( 4 thousand )
- Other: Tichurong ( 1500 ), Kyerong ( 1000 ), Baragaunle ( 2000 ), Nupri ( Larkya Bhote ) ( 3000 ), Tsum ( 3000 ), Khaccad Bhote, Langthang Bhote, Kagate ( 1000 ), Limirong ( Humla ) ( 3000 ) Karmarong ( 2000 ), Jad ( 2000 ), Brokkat (300)
- Zangskari ( Zanskari ) (10 thousand)
- Chang Tang Ladakhi
- Spiti ( Biti ) (50 thousand)
- Lahuli Bhoti (5 thousand)
- Kinnauri Bhoti ( Nyamskad ) ( 6 thousand )
- Other: Uttarakhand Bhoti, Gadhval Bhoti, Tholing Bhoti, Stod Bhoti
- Ladakhi (100 thousand) Dialects: Leh, Shamskat
- Balti ( 340 thousand )
- Purik (130 thousand)
- Dzongkha ( Drukha, Dzongkha ) ( 160 thousand ) Dialects: Wang The, Ha, Pasakha; Laya, Lunana, Lingzhi, Adap
- Dränjoke ( Sikkim Bhoti, Sikkimesisch, Dandzongka, Denjong, Denzong, Lachengpa ) (30 thousand)
- Cho -ca- nga -ca- kha (20 thousand) Dialects: Tsamangpai, Tsakalingpai, Kurmetpai
- Jumowa ( Dromowa, Groma, Chumbi ) (15 thousand)
- Bumthang (30 thousand) Dialects: Ura, Tang, Chogor, Chunmat; Nupbikha
- Kheng (40 thousand)
- Kurtöp (10 thousand)
- Nyenkha ( Henkha ) (10 thousand)
- Dzala ( Khoma ) (15 thousand)
- Chali (1,000)
- Dakpa (1,000)
- Olekha ( Ole Mönpa, Black Mountain Language) (500)