Toyota S engine#3S-GTE

The 3S- GTE is an inline four- cylinder gasoline engine turbocharged by Toyota with a displacement of 1984 cc (2.0 L ). The engine was mainly installed in the Celica and MR2 in, outside Europe and in the Caldina. The cylinders are numbered from 1 to 4, starting from the timing belts. The firing order is 1-3-4-2. The motor consists of a cast iron block and an aluminum cylinder head, which was developed in collaboration with Yamaha. The turbochargers are manufactured by Hitachi.

Stages of development

Generation 1

The light of the world saw the 3S- GTE engine in 1987 as the centerpiece of the Celica 4 × 4 Turbo (outside Europe also Celica GT -Four called ). The first generation used the CT26 turbocharger and mobilized 185 hp at an engine speed of 6000 rpm. The maximum torque was 250 Nm at 3600 rpm. The turbocharger made ​​up to 0.5 bar boost pressure from about 3000 / m. The compressed air is cooled intercooler via a water / air.

Generation 2

With the model change in the Celica 1990, the second generation of the 3S- GTE followed. Besides minor changes to the engine itself - such as raising the compression from 8.5:1 to 8.8:1 - an air / air intercooler has now been used. As Turbo came back the CT26 for use, which was further developed in terms of reliability. The new engine now made ​​204 hp / 304 Nm in the Celica 4 × 4 Turbo. 1993 was a 5,000 piece worldwide limited edition of the Celica 4 × 4 Turbo presented on the occasion of the WRC drivers' title in 1990 and 1992 by Carlos Sainz and for the purpose of homologation, the Celica Carlos Sainz Limited Edition. In addition to the plaque with the edition number and the other outside body kit the car had produced a slightly modified 3S- GTE second generation under the hood, like the first generation of a water / air intercooler was installed, and 208 instead of 204 hp.

Generation 3

In 1994, again a new model on the market. Buoyed by the success of Toyota in the WRC was also donated the 3S- GTE this together with a permanent four-wheel drive, this time under the official designation GT -Four. The new engine now made ​​242 hp and 305 Nm at around 0.9 bar boost pressure. The most obvious change is the conversion of the turbocharger from the CT26 on the CT20b ( this designation was never officially led by Toyota, insiders this model name is but common ). In the Japanese Caldina GT -Four a slightly modified version of the 3S- GTE was used from 1997, again with an air / air intercooler and 265 HP. The original Gen3 engine developed in the home market also 265 hp, as in Japan with 100 octane gasoline is very common and the control unit of the Japanese engines were adjusted to this type of fuel. Therefore, the additional output versus the export models, which were set at 95 octane gasoline stirred. Often this stage is incorrectly referred to as Generation 4, a connoisseur of the 3S- GTE engine, however, these steps as Gen3 . As of 1998, the sale of the Celica GT -Four has been set, and thus no car was sold with the 3S- GTE more in Europe.

Generation 4

2002, the third generation of the Caldina was presented, which again included a turbocharged top engine. The fourth generation had a new turbo again and did as the previous generation 265 hp. Changes to the engine are for reference only optimize consumption and environmental friendliness.

The engine in other models

Outside the Celica 3S - GTE was still installed in the Caldina GT -Four ( generation 3 and 4), and from 1990 to 1994 in the Toyota MR2 Turbo. This came up in 1994, the second generation with 204 hp used by the previous models in this series worked with the third generation. MR2 turbos are very rare and thus highly sought after, the so-called "Late Spec" were produced almost exclusively for the Japanese market.

Away from the series of the 3S- GTE is popular because of its (relatively) compact design and high reliability even at elevated power at engine conversions in the Toyota scene. Companies such as fensport but also individuals have installed the engine already in everyday cars such as the Corolla or in the current edition of the Celica (which comes as standard with no engine with supercharging ).

Motorsport

In the four-wheel drive era of rally racing the 3S- GTE formed the backbone of Toyota's efforts in the WRC. The racing engines had an output of around 300 hp and 500 Nm. The main achievements were:

  • WRC drivers' title in 1990 (C. Sainz / L. Moya, Celica ST165 )
  • WRC drivers' title in 1992 (C. Sainz / L. Moya, Celica ST185 )
  • WRC drivers' title in 1993 (J. Kankkunen / N. Grist, Celica ST185 )
  • WRC Title of 1993
  • WRC drivers' title in 1994 (D. Auriol / B. Occelli, Celica ST185 )
  • WRC Title of 1994
  • WRC Title of 1999

After the withdrawal of Toyotas from rallying in favor of Formula 1 vehicles from Toyota only be driven by private teams in the rallies.

Toyota Caldina Yamaha Motor Company Bodykit World Rally Championship
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