Trillium

Three Western tip of lily ( Trillium ovatum )

The forest lily ( Trillium ), also known as Three leaves or three lobes lilies, are a genus which belongs to the family of the Germer family ( Melanthiaceae ).

Description

Forest lilies are perennial herbaceous plants. They form from underground rhizomes, which are horizontal or obliquely inclined upward as outlasting. They have a major axis and are not or only slightly branched. Form at their ends compressed, fleshy swellings behind which cancels the rhizome and from which grow buds. The plants bear adventitious roots, they are converging and ringed. They form many low- leaves.

The stem is simple and erect and covered at the base with a brown envelope. The leaves are only close to the ground in whorls on the stem. The simple leaves are rhombic with rounded edges or oval. They carry three to five main nerves and converging smaller nerves.

Note the three bracts, which are in a whorl, they have given the genre its name. You are monochrome green or mottled, leaf-shaped oval to elliptical, with or without stem. The nerves run palmate with three to five main nerves. The inflorescence is closed with a single bloom.

The hermaphrodite flowers are triple and radial symmetry. The two circles of bracts are usually conformed significantly different. The bloom are red, purple, pink, white, yellow, green or colored in combinations of these colors. The carpels are fused into a superior ovaries. There are two circles, each with three stamens present; they are erect, bent or divergently. The stamens are short and thickened to the base. The anthers are two-piece and as long as or longer than the stamens.

There are trained berry-like capsule fruits that are fleshy with obscure seams, where they burst then. They contain many seeds. The white or yellowish and often oily, ellipsoidal seeds are 2-4 mm long.

Dissemination

Forest lilies are found in North America and in Asia, the diversity center is located in the United States, in Asia, there are species in the People's Republic of China ( four species endemic ), Bhutan, India, Japan, Myanmar, Nepal, Sikkim and at Kamchatka.

System

The internal system is not unique. The genus Trillium is divided into two subgenera, the subgenus Trillium with stalked flowers and the subgenus Phyllantherum with sessile flowers. Overall, the genus contains about 45 species.

Subgenus Trillium (selection):

  • Upright Waldlilie Brown or Red Three tip lily ( Trillium erectum L.), Origin: Canada and USA
  • Large-flowered forest lily or Big Three tip lily ( Trillium grandiflorum ( Michx. ) Salisb. ), Origin: Canada and USA
  • Kamchatka Three tip lily ( Trillium camschatcense Ker Gawl. ), Origin: Amur region, Manchuria, Korea, Sakhalin, Kamchatka, Japan ( Hokkaido )
  • Three Western tip of lily ( Trillium ovatum Pursh ), Origin: Canada (British Columbia, Alberta ) and the USA
  • Trillium persistens WHDuncan, Origin: USA (Georgia, South Carolina)

Subgenus Phyllantherum (selection):

  • Yellow forest lily or Yellow Three tip lily ( Trillium luteum ( Muhl. ) Harb. ), Origin: USA (Kentucky, Tennessee, Georgia, South Carolina)
  • Trillium reliquum JDFreeman, Origin: USA (Alabama, Georgia, South Carolina)

Culture

Many forest lilies - types are available as garden plants. Some of the types of hybridizing with each other, especially the species to the upright Waldlilie. A white trillium is the official flower of the Canadian province of Ontario and is depicted on the flag of the Franco- Ontarian.

Others

' Forest lily in the lake ' is a section in Peter Roseggers novel ' The writings of forest schoolmaster '

Perennial plant Adventitiousness Ovary (botany) Franco-Ontarian flag Digital Object Identifier
294058
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