Tsuga caroliniana
Carolina hemlock ( Tsuga caroliniana )
The Caroline - Hemlock ( Tsuga caroliniana ) is a coniferous tree from the species of hemlock. It grows in the United States in the Appalachians.
Description
The Caroline - hemlock is about 15 to 25 feet tall tree that reaches a diameter at breast height of 50 to 60 centimeters (maximum 150 cm). The bark of older trees is rough and scaly, reddish gray outside and red-brown bark in the cracks. The thick crown is cone-shaped, the branches are projecting and often continuous. The shoots are slightly pubescent in the furrows and shiny orange -brown, the buds ovate roundish.
The ganzrandigen needles are parted on the branches. They are 15 to 20 millimeters long and 1.5 to 2.0 millimeters wide, are forward rounded or truncated. The top is shiny dark green and furrowed, the bottom shows two striking white stomatal strips.
The cones are oblong- ovate, about 2.0 to 3.5 inches long, short-stalked or sessile. The cone scales are oblong - ovate, rounded, thick and slightly pubescent outside. At maturity they are far apart. The pollen is released from March to April, the pins mature from late August to late September the following year, the seeds are exposed from September through the winter.
Distribution, ecology and hazard
The range of the species is located in eastern North America and extends along the Appalachian Mountains from Virginia to northern Georgia.
The Carolina hemlock grows on dry, rocky slopes in 750 to 1,200 meters, more rarely from 600 to 1500 meters above sea level on drained, acidic to neutral, sandy or gravelly - rich, moderately nutrient-rich, calcium-poor soils. They are found on sunny to light shade locations. The annual rainfall exceeds 1000 mm and falls throughout the year.
In the IUCN Red List, the Carolina hemlock is listed as not at risk ( " Lower Risk / least concern "). It is noted, however, that a re-evaluation of risks is required.
System
The Carolina Hemlock ( Tsuga diversifolia ) is a species of the genus of hemlock ( Tsuga ). There she is assigned to the subgenus Tsuga. The specific epithet refers to the caroliniana two U.S. states of North Carolina and South Carolina.
Use
The wood is due to the rarity of the species and the mediocre quality rarely used, however, the species is popular as a park tree and hedge plant. In Central Europe it is hardy.