Tuscan Archipelago

The Tuscan Archipelago (Italian: Tuscan Archipelago ) is located in the Mediterranean off the Tuscan coast of Italy. The islands of the Tuscan Archipelago are also called Tyrrhenian islands ( Isole Tirrene ).

Geography

The group consists of seven main islands:

  • Elba ( with eight municipalities, which also include the islands of Montecristo and Pianosa )
  • Giglio (municipality Isola del Giglio )
  • Giannutri ( the municipality of Isola del Giglio )
  • Monte Cristo ( to Portoferraio )
  • Capraia (municipality Capraia Isola )
  • Pianosa ( the municipality of Campo nell'Elba )
  • Gorgona ( to Livorno )

Furthermore, also includes several small islands and rocks to the archipelago: Scoglio d' Affrica ( Portoferraio ), the Formiche di Grosseto ( Grosseto ), Meloria ( Livorno ), Palmaiola and Cerboli (both municipality of Rio Marina).

The Tuscan Archipelago is, according to the International Union for the Conservation of Nature 's most important natural wonders of the world.

The National Park of the Tuscan Archipelago ( Parco Nazionale dell'Arcipelago Toscano ) is 60,000 ha of protected marine area and about 18,000 ha of protected land area the most extensive marine protected area in Europe.

History

According to legend, the Tyrrhenian Venus lost her pearl jewelry, as she emerged from the sea. He broke into fragments, from which the present-day islands had arisen.

From about 750 BC, the archipelago was increasingly under the influence of the Etruscans, who were interested in the extensive iron deposits and began their degradation. To 453 BC Elba was temporarily occupied by the Greeks. 246 BC, the Romans conquered the islands, which were then for some 800 years to the Roman Empire or its successor states.

The island of Elba was temporarily occupied in connection with the revolutionary wars of Great Britain and in 1802 the Peace of Amiens of France. 1814, the day the abdication of Napoleon as Emperor of the French, Elba was transferred as a sovereign Principality of Napoleon. From May 4, 1814 to February 26, 1815 he lived on the island. The Congress of Vienna was the Duchy of Tuscany Elba slammed and came with this 1860 the united Kingdom of Italy.

Among the small islands of Montecristo gained by Alexandre Dumas ' novel The Count of Monte Cristo (published 1844-1846 ) literary celebrity.

After Napoleon, the mineral water Fonte Napoleone is named, whose source is in the mountains near Marciana.

In January 2012, in the archipelago near the island of Giglio The cruise ship Costa Concordia ran with over 4000 passengers on board on a rock under the water and remained strong blow side on the ground are. In the accident 32 people died.

Tourism

Tourism has grown in importance and is now the main source of income. The Tuscan Archipelago is reachable by ferry from Livorno, Piombino and Porto Santo Stefano.

Gorgona is a prison island and can only be accessed with a special permit.

Swell

The seven main islands: Capraia | Elba | Giannutri | Giglio | Gorgona | Monte Cristo | Pianosa

Smaller islands: Scoglio d' Affrica | Scoglio della Cappa | Scoglio del Corvo | Cerboli | Formiche di Grosseto | Meloria | Palmaiola | Le Scole

  • Tuscan Archipelago
  • Archipelago (Italy )
  • Archipelago ( Europe)
  • Archipelago ( Tyrrhenian Sea )
  • Geography (Tuscany)
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