UDFy-38135539
UDFy - 38135539 (also " HUDF.YD3 " ) is the name for an in Hubble Ultra Deep Field galaxy, which was discovered in September 2009. Since October 2010, their redshift z = 8.6 is known, this means that the light 13.1 billion years was way to us. This makes it one of the most distant known objects in the universe.
Discovery
The hitherto most detailed picture from the Hubble Ultra Deep Fields created by the Wide Field Camera 3 installed on 14 May 2009 on the Hubble Telescope for sure, among other things UDFy - 38,135,539 is visible. The discovery was made by the Working Groups RJ Bouwens, Andrew Bunker and RJ McLure. Matt Lehnert and his team provided a spectroscopic findings. The measurement of distance by spectroscopy is extremely expensive for such distances. The day the solar system light reaching the galaxy UDFy - 38135539 shows their state of thirteen billion years ago. At that time, a few hundred million years after the Big Bang, large parts of the area of hydrogen nebulae were marked, which absorbed the ultraviolet light of young galaxies. With the help of the Very Large Telescope belonging SINFONI spectrograph but could the removal of the very faint object are determined, despite the difficult observation conditions. Lehnert and his staff led for sixteen hours observations and then two months by evaluations. The faint glow from hydrogen at a redshift of 8.6 gave the indication of the distance of the galaxy and made the discovery considerably. The previously identified as the most distant objects were gamma-ray bursts, such as GRB 090423rd As most distant galaxy was between 2006 and 2010 IOC -1 in the constellation Coma Berenices.
Scientists expect further discoveries of distant galaxies that emerged a few hundred million years after the Big Bang. But it is precisely this very old galaxies are not as numerous as younger galaxies and difficult to detect due to the low brightness. The discoveries much more distant galaxies with the commissioning of the James Webb Space Telescope to be expected around the year 2015. More detailed observations are expected in 2018 to be feasible with the European Extremely Large Telescope.
Description
The galaxy lies in the constellation Fornax, and appears on the image of the Hubble telescope as a tiny, luminous weak point. It is estimated that it contained about one billion stars, although they had a hundred times less mass than the stars of the Milky Way and the diameter of the galaxy was ten times smaller than the Milky Way. Probably originated in UDFy - 38135539 annually a similarly large number of stars as in the Milky Way. But these were much smaller and had lower masses. Judging by the small size of the galaxy, there was quite a large number of new stars.
For the galaxy UDFy - 38135539 a redshift of 8.55 was determined. The GRB 090423 at a redshift of 8.2. The galaxy was beaming with thirteen billion years from the light that is visible today in the area of the solar system using appropriate instruments. At that time the age of the universe was only about four percent of its present age. With such far-away objects, therefore, their age is remarkable. The extensive hydrogen fog are a feature of this period, 600 million years after the Big Bang, which is not observed during detailed and more recent objects. The now so no longer existing in the field of the Milky Way hydrogen fog may have been removed in the area of UDFy - 38135539 particularly by neighboring brighter galaxies.