Ukrainian Railways
Ukrsalisnyzja (Ukrainian: Укрзалізниця, long name: Українські залізниці - Ukrajinski Salisnyzi; Russian: Укрзализныця, long name: Украинские железные дороги - Ukrainskije Schelesnyje Dorogi; abbreviation IP or УЗ ) is the Ukrainian railway company. In its railway infrastructure and railway transport companies are integrated.
History
Ukrsalisnyzja emerged after the collapse of the Soviet Union as a successor to the Soviet railways on the Ukrainian territory. The Company has been allocated by the UIC country code 22. General Director of the Ukrainian railway has 21 March 2011, Volodymyr Kozak.
Operation
- Track length: 22.3 thousand km
- Among electrified tracks: 9978 km ( 44.7 %)
- Track width - 1520 mm; there are narrow gauge railways (mostly 750 mm wide) and a few short standard gauge ( 1435 mm) tracks.
- Number of Stations - 1,648 ( including 126 stations of category 0 )
- Number of level crossings - 4,000
- Number of freight cars - 174 939
- Number of passenger cars - 8429
- Number of electric locomotives - 1,796
- Number of Diesel Locomotives - 2918
- Number of EMUs - 1443
- Number of DMUs - 186
- Number of employees - 375,900
- Extent of movement of persons - 500 Wed passengers per year
- Extent of freight transport - 300 million tonnes per year
The passenger trains operate mainly in point traffic and therefore must often wait for connections. Where connections are to be seen as for the conversion of coaches, generous, even hour-long transition periods for passengers are scheduled. This leads to an extremely high rate of punctuality of the Ukrainian railways. The average travel speed exceeds 80 km / h barely. In the first half of 2013, the company generated a total of 3.5 billion hryvnia in losses. According to the Minister of Infrastructure of Ukraine Volodymyr Kozak these losses were due primarily to the low tariffs for the carriage of rail passengers. The tariffs would be five times lower in Ukraine on average compared to the Russian tariffs. In July 2013 increases in fares announced by 10 percent in this context.
Regional breakdown
The IP consists of six regional railway administrations:
- Donezka Salisnyzja ( Донецька залізниця ), based in Donetsk
- Lwiwska Salisnyzja ( Львівська залізниця ), based in Lvov ( Lviv )
- Odeska Salisnyzja ( Одеська залізниця ), based in Odessa
- Piwdenna Salisnyzja ( Південна залізниця ), based in Kharkiv
- Piwdenno - Sachidna Salisnyzja ( Південно - Західна залізниця ), based in Kiev
- Prydniprowska Salisnyzja ( Придніпровська залізниця ), based in Dnipropetrovsk
National Transport
The transport network is historically oriented, mainly in north-south or northeast-southwest direction. In passenger important are the compounds of Kharkiv to Crimea and Kiev, from Kiev to Odessa and after about Schmerynka Chop and from Lviv to Kiev and the Polish border. The most important compounds are goods of Kupjansk to Odessa and from Krywbass of the Donbass. Ahead of the Euro 2012 football championship, there were increased efforts in both the rail network as well as the car park to modernize. Ukrsalisnyzja invested nearly 700 million euros in the improvement of infrastructure, much of it for new high- speed trains from the Czech Republic and South Korea.
Long-distance trains are subject to reservation and usually overnight trains. They operate with up to four booking classes mainly with sleeping and couchette. However, this is not available on all trains.
- Sleeper Spalny wagon = double compartments, 18 pitches ( Latest carriage of wagon Kryukov are longer and have 20 places)
- Kupeiny = Quadruple compartments, 36 seats (carriage of wagon Kryukov: 40)
- Platskartny = couchette with longitudinal and cross- beds in open compartments, 54 places
- Obshchi = Platskartny, but instead of 54 81 seats are for sale.
Regional trains are einklassig ( 3rd class ), reservation -free and operate normally during the day. In the big cities they often drive their own train station ( Kiev) or are handled in a separate part of the station (Odessa ).
International traffic
At the border stations Chop (towards Hungary, Slovakia and on to Austria ), Mostyska and Jagodin ( to Poland and then to Germany ) there are axle changing stations for continuous coaches. Here bogies and couplings are exchanged. The station of the Polish border town of Przemysl is connected to the broad gauge network of Ukrsalisnyzja, just as, conversely, a standard gauge track leads up to the Ukrainian station Kovel.
The same applies as for the domestic long-distance international trains: Trains are subject to reservation and night trains. The foreign connections in the former Soviet area correspond regarding the equipment largely national. They exhibit some significant running routes, to destinations such as the Trans -Siberian Railway. The international services through the western border run - with the exception of part of the bilateral trade with Poland - trains with UIC standard sleeping cars which have not only a relation to the carriage of the former Soviet sphere narrower profile also hergebrachte Western European classes and booking model for sleeping car: It are three booking classes ( one-, two - and three-bed compartments ).
From Germany, was until September 2012 from Berlin to connect directly to the Ukraine. Other target stations could be achieved by 2011 with no daily service on coaches: Kharkiv, Odessa, Donetsk, Simferopol, Lvov. From Austria, there was a course of Vienna car to Lviv or Kiev.