Verb phrase
A verb phrase (VP ) refers to linguistics, a phrase, ie a closed syntactic unit, the so-called head or core is a verb. For a complete verb phrase beside still belong supplements ( = arguments) the verb can optionally further free information ( = adjoint ) as adverbial clauses be available. Various syntactic models differ in whether the subject is part of the verb phrase or is outside the possible danger herein also a difference between the grammars of different languages.
Finiteness and Infinitheit
Grammar theories differ in whether finite verbs can be the head of a verb phrase. Dependenzgrammatiken only detect infinite verb phrases as constituents. In generative grammar (eg, the Government -Binding theory ) is the finiteness as a separate syntactic head outsourced ( "Aux" or " Inflection " ), the verb phrase is neither finite nor infinitely, but this is only in the syntactic composition. For the German is usually proposed in recent work that the finite verb can be the head of a then finite verb phrase that includes fields model of the German sentence the midfield with the right sentence bracket.
Examples of infinite verb phrases
The infinite an infinite verb verb phrase bears no markings regarding person, number, mood, or tense. In the set there may be more than one infinite verb phrase. The infinite verb phrases in the following sentences are in bold and the respective head of the verb phrase is underlined:
Many infinite verb phrases are considered as parts of a sentence, because they can be moved, eg
This characteristic is important in that it gives infinite verb phrases of the finite verb phrases differ.
Finite verb phrase as a constituent?
The adoption of the finite verb phrase as a syntactic unit is taken from the American structuralism. This tradition of grammar is based on the dichotomy of the sentence. The set consists of a noun phrase (NP ) as a subject and a verb phrase (VP) as a predicate. The dichotomy is most evident in the first phrase structure rule of phrase structure grammar of Noam Chomsky expression: S → NP VP. This division is clearly shown in the tree structure of the early phrase structure grammar, such as
These sets are each divided into two parts. A set consisting of the NP, the people and the finite VP not understand a word, and sentence b. from the NP or the ( a noun representing ) pronoun I and the finite VP want to see your hands. After this dichotomy is at the finite verb phrase is a constituent. This view of sentence structure has become an integral aspect of the Konstituentengrammatiken.
Lucien Tesnière, originator of the modern Dependenzgrammatiken, criticized this dichotomy of the sentence. Instead of the dichotomy he put the finite verb to the root position of the set, leaving the other set of limbs from this root depend. Modern Dependenzgrammatiken analyze the above two sentences as follows:
Since the finite parts not understand a word and see your hands in these trees not as a complete sub-trees are present, they are not considered as constituents, which in turn means that they are not phrases. If you want to recognize a verb phrase in such cases, one has to acknowledge each the entire sentence as a phrase. In practice, however, one takes in such units the term "sentence" of the " verb phrase " before. This means that Dependenzgrammatiken finite verb phrases simply refuse.
Infinite verb phrases, however, are both in Konstituentengrammatiken and in Dependenzgrammatiken constituents. This fact can be seen in the b- trees, where your hands each be considered complete subtree and is therefore regarded as constituent.