Vietnamese literature

Vietnamese literature is of Vietnamese speaking oral tradition (van học Mieng, folk literature ) and writing -bound literature (van học Bac học, scholarly literature). The works have been - written in different languages ​​- depending on the prevailing power relations.

Vietnam was over a long period of its history heavily influenced by China; thus many of the written works from this period have survived in classical Chinese. The development of Chu Nom during the 10th century that allowed writers using modified Chinese characters to write poetry in Vietnamese. Although it was considered in comparison to Chinese as inferior, Chu Nom won by little prestige. It flourished in the 18th century, when many important Vietnamese writers and poets wrote their works and it is the official written language was for a short time.

In the 17th century, was a Vietnamese alphabet, the Quoc Ngu script, developed. However, this could not prevail long time. It was not until the mid-20th century, all Vietnamese literary works are written in Quốc NGU.

• 2.1 epoch of classical Chinese
• 2.2 Literature in chu nom
• 2.3 Quoc Ngu

• 5.1 Primary Sources
• 5.2 sources

Molding

Folk Literature

Vietnamese folk literature is a blending of many forms. It is not only an oral tradition, but rather a mix three media: hidden ( kept solely in memory of popular authors ), recorded (written ) and shown ( unpublished). Folk literature, there are usually many versions, transmitted orally and with unknown authors. It includes myths, stories about supernatural things, heroes and gods, legends, fables, riddles, tales and legends.

They reflect the views, customs and traditions of the ancients. These are creation stories, stories about their origins ( Lạc Long Quân, Âu CO) and about cultural heroes ( Sơn Tinh - Thuy Tinh ).

Scholarly literature

This form of literature got its name mainly because they primarily of educated, ie read and literate circles was born. This is without exception to the ruling feudal Vietnam.

Ca dao

Ca dao are the popular ways and poems of ordinary people.

Epochs

Epoch of classical Chinese

Many official documents of the Vietnamese history were written in classical Chinese. These were official announcements Vietnamese kings, royal history, declarations of independence from China and poems.

The Chinese writing is modern Vietnamese - speaking today not only strange, these works are often incomprehensible, even if they were translated afterwards into modern Quoc Ngu due to the Chinese syntax and partly because of the vocabulary. Only the translation in the Vietnamese yielded intelligibility for the Vietnamese readers.

Literature in chu nom

Some highly prized works of Vietnamese literature were written in chu nom, such as Truyen Kieu by Nguyen Du, Đoàn thi Điểms Chu Nom translation of the poem Chinh Phu Ngam Khuc from the classical Chinese written by her boyfriend Đằng Trần Côn and poems of the famous poet Hồ Xuân Hương.

NOM can be understood in the modern Quoc Ngu script will be translated and readily available from modern Vietnamese - speaking works in Chu. However, chu nom was never standardized, and there is ambiguity as to which word meaning in a work is the intentioned. This results in many variations resulted in translated texts from the Chu Nom in Quoc Ngu.

Quoc Ngu

Quoc Ngu was hardly used after its creation in the 17th century, outside the missionary working in Vietnam groupings.

During the early years of the 20th century, many magazines published on Quoc Ngu and their popularity helped Quoc Ngu to popularize. While some Quoc Ngu rejected as heir and external influence of the French, it took others as a convenient means to promote the literature. After the declaration of independence from France in 1945, Ho Chi Minh's Việt Minh supported provisional government continue growing literature in Quoc Ngu. This led to a sharp increase in the literacy rate. [Note 1]

For a long time there were many differences in orthography and no consensus as they had to write certain words. The problem continues to exist until today.

Genres

The Vietnamese literature knows until the beginning of the 20th century two primary genre: the Versliteratur ( Van Van ) and so-called parallel literature ( Bien van), which was taken over from the Chinese. Prose, as it is known, for example in the form of narratives in Europe, emerged only in the 20s of the 20th century.