Vilayet
The Vilayet (Persian ولايت; ولاية Arabic wilaya, sovereign power ') was the major province of the Ottoman Empire in the period of reform from 1845, it solved the eyalet as an administrative unit from. . Model was French Territory. At the top of the vilayet administration was the Vali. A vilayet consisted of two or more of Sandžak.
The principles of reform were first in 1864 on the Danube vilayet ( Tuna vilâyeti ), from 1878, the Principality of Bulgaria emerged, applied, and extended from 1867 to 1884 in the whole kingdom. Here, some of the Sanjak of strategic, political or religious reasons remained as "independents " directly to the central office.
Some Arab successor states of the Ottoman Empire took over the administrative areas as wilaya.
Vilayets 1845-1900
1847 the vilayet Kürdistan was founded. 1856 has been redefined. Capital was Ahlat, later Van, Muş and Diyarbakır. 1864 was redissolved and converted among others in the vilayet Dersim. 1845 eyalet Abyssinia was converted to the vilayet Habeshistan and remained until its conquest by the Kingdom of Italy ( as a colony of Eritrea ) is a Turkish province. Also the vilayet Karesi was a short-lived province.
1864, divided the historical geographical region of Macedonia in six large- provincial administrative districts of the Ottoman Empire, called vilayets. In the six Macedonian vilayets it was following ( the respective capitals, and political centers as well as the current national affiliation are given in parentheses ):
- Edirne / Adrian Opel ( Edirne, today Turkish )
- Selanik / Thessaloniki ( Thessaloníki, today Greek)
- Yanya / Janina (Ioannina, today Greek)
- Ishkodra / Scutari ( Shkodër today Albanian)
- Kosova / Kosovo ( Skopje / Skopje, Macedonian today )
- Manastır / Monastir ( Bitola, today macedonian )
A central administrative region for the entire geographic region of historic Macedonia did not exist at the time of the Ottoman Empire until 1903.
Vilayets 1900
In 1900, passed the following vilayets ( name of the capital in parentheses if different from that of the vilayet ):
- Vilayet of Bosnia ( Saraybosna / Sarajevo. Among Austro-Hungarian administration)
- Vilayet of Kosovo ( Skopje / Skopje) - until 1903
- Vilayet of Shkodra ( Shkoder ) - until 1903
- Vilayet Manastır ( Bitola ) - until 1903
- Vilayet Herzegovina
- Tuna vilayet
- Vilayet of Ioannina - until 1903
- Vilayet of Salonika (Thessaloniki ) - until 1903
- Rumeli Sharki / Eastern Rumelia ( Filibe / Plovdiv )
- Vilayet Adrian Opel ( Edirne ) - until 1903
- Vilayet of Constantinople Opel
- Cezair -i Bahr -ı Sefid ( = islands of the Aegean, Rhodes )
- Vilayet Girit ( Hanya / Crete )
- Vilayet Kıbrıs ( Lefkosha / Cyprus) under British administration
- Vilayet Hüdavendigar ( Brusa / Bursa)
- Vilayet of Aydın ( Smyrna )
- Vilayet of Konia
- Ankara vilayet
- Kastamonu vilayet
- Vilayet of Trebizond
- Vilayet of Sivas
- Vilayet Mamuretül - Aziz
- Vilayet Adana
- Vilayet of Erzerum
- Van vilayet
- Vilayet Diyarbakr
- Vilayet of Aleppo (Aleppo )
- Vilayet of Mosul ( Mosul )
- Vilayet Baghdad
- Vilayet of Basra
- Vilayet of Bitlis
- Vilayet of Syria (Damascus )
- Vilayet of Beirut (Beirut )
- Vilayet of Hejaz (Jeddah )
- Vilayet of Yemen ( San'a ')
- Misr (Cairo ) - not actually a vilayet, but a hereditary viceroyalty
- Tripolitania Vilayet ( Tarabulus / Tripoli in Libya)
Independent Sanjak were:
- Kocaeli ( Izmit )
- Biga (Kale -i Sultaniye )
- Zor ( Deir ez- Zor )
- Cebel -i Lübnan (Bait ad-Dîn/Libanonberg )
- Küdüs -i Sharif (Jerusalem)
- Bingazi ( Benghazi )
Today's designation
In today's Turkey, the provinces are called İl.