Wallachian Plain

The Wallachian Plain (Romanian: Română Câmpia or Câmpia Dunarii ) denotes the Romanian part of a vast plain in Southeastern Europe, on the lower course of the river Danube. It is part of the Eurasian steppes. The plane is located south of the Danube continues where it is referred to as the " Danube Lowland " to a much lesser extent.

Location and subdivision

Most of this lowland lies in Romania ( 80 %), in the historical region of Wallachia, from which it got its name. In Romania, the plane is divided into several sections:

• A. Kleinwalachisches lowlands ( Câmpia Olteniei ), named after the Little Wallachia, is the westernmost section and includes the following fields: Blahniţei
• Băileştilor
• Romanaţi

• Piteştilor
• Boianu
• Găvanu - Burdea
• Burnaz

• Târgoviştei
• Ploieştilor
• Mizil
• Titu - Gheorghiţă
• Vlăsiei
• Câlnăului

• Bărăgan of Calmatui river
• Bărăgan of Ialomiţa river
• Mostiştei
• Hagieni

• Brailei (often mistakenly added to the Bărăgan - section)
• Buzăului
• Râmnicului
• Siretului
• Tecuciului
• Covurlui

• The floodplain of the Danube
• The marshy islands: Balta Brailei or Insula Mare a Brailei
• Balta Ialomitei

North of the Wallachian Plain are the Wallachian hills and the Carpathian Mountains ( Romania ), south of the Moesian hill country ( Bulgaria).

Geology

The Wallachian Plain lies on the Moesian plate and is made a part of the Moesian sedimentary basin. The base is Hercynisch but has a Mesozoic- Cenozoic sediment coverage. Another sediment cover was in the Pleistocene. The layers of the Jurassic and Cretaceous are rich in oil (especially in Romania); thus the Wallachian Plain is one of Europe's richest oil regions. Loess sediments are found almost everywhere, in some places sand dunes. (see also: Sahara Olteniei )

Ground

The soil mostly consists of nutrient-rich black earth, and from Auböden along the rivers. Together with Ukraine is the Wallachian lowlands, the " breadbasket of Europe ".

Climate

The climate is temperate continental. The West has Mediterranean influences, while the East is more heavily influenced continental. Especially in the east the summers are hot and winters are chilly. Infamous is the winter of Crivăţ, a cold continental winds from the northeast ( the origin lies in the southern Ural Mountains ) and permafrost and brings with it blizzards.

The average annual temperatures are 8-11 ° C, summer temperatures at 18-23 ° C, while winter temperatures at -3 to -5 ° C in the east and -1 to -3 ° C are in the West. The Wallachian lowland is relatively dry. In most regions, water shortages. The mean precipitation amounts are less than 500 mm in the east, in the west at 500-700 mm.

Hydrographic

The Danube is the most important water courses and the second largest river in Europe. In addition, numerous rivers from north to south traverse ( in Romania) or from south to north ( in Serbia and Bulgaria) level. They play an important role in meeting the demand for water. North of the Danube, the following waters are zuerwähnen: the Jiu, Olt, Calmatui (two rivers bear the name! ) Vedea, Neajlov, Arges, Dâmboviţa, Mostiştea, Ialomiţa, Buzău, Siret and Prut. From the south of Timok, Lom and Rusenski Lom, the Iskar and Yantra river flowing into the Danube. In the flood plains (especially the Danube ) are numerous lakes. During the communist era, some of them were drained (either completely, eg Greaca, Bistret, Suhaia or in part, such as the Brates Lake).

In the particularly dry Interfluvien the Bărăgan - steppe often small steppe lakes are found. Their water is usually salty and is used for curative purposes. This resulted in here over the last two centuries several resorts; the best known are Balta Albă, Amara and Sărata - Monteoru.