Waste collection

With garbage collection or Swiss Kehrichtabfuhr generally refers to the disposal of waste by using special vehicles in urban or municipal director.

History

The history of garbage collection begins with the fact that it no longer seemed viable in the 15th century, to pour household and commercial waste and even human excrement on roads or in urban streams. Since that time, the waste from the cities was spent on the surrounding fields. How bad it must have worked, showing the appeal in 1579 by the City of Cologne Council, " that the inhabitants keep it in front of their houses and inheritances very unclean and impure." Until the 20th century, the garbage trucks transported the garbage mostly in landfills. The first waste incineration plant originated in England in 1876. Hamburg followed in 1896 as the first German city. Early 20th century began the motorization of the fleet (see also automotive), first with battery-powered cars preload and later by the use of internal combustion engine vehicles.

Today we discussed the use of microprocessor -assisted garbage pick-up procedures to make the flushes depending on demand and can thus save costs. The term DustBot (german dirt robots) have summarized several different robots under development, which can eliminate completely independently waste.

End of the 1970s appeared in Germany, the first bottle bank on mid -1980s paper container and labeled trash cans for packaging waste with the Green Dot from the 1990s and the compost bin for compostable waste. The garbage disposal that is increasingly differentiated the garbage, in an effort to comply with the recycling idea of the emerging environmental movement.

Expiration

The entire area to be traversed is divided into individual dissipation districts that are approached according to the discharge plan. At the respective days, the household waste by households in garbage bags, partly deposited in designated tons, front of the house. In Switzerland, a bag fee must be paid for these garbage bags. The emptying of trash cans can house two -weekly, weekly or on request also frequently done. Since the regular garbage truck is unsuitable because of its bed for the transport of bulky waste or bulky waste is disposed of or charged separately, you have to let him pick up separately. In spring and autumn, such as tree and shrub cuttings can be collected and composted household waste disposal service in rural areas green waste. Often, the respective disposal company also offers pick up of Christmas trees. Garbage men need during their work in Germany wear safety vests to increase their own security.

Recyclables ( paper, glass and packaging) usually transported a private waste collection. Since there are usually tons of special here that this requires garbage trucks that are not compatible with the system of household waste tons. Here are front loaders and rear loaders in use, but also specialized refuse collection vehicles.

Regular problems are strongly associated parked or unkept roads, where not only the garbage disposal, but also rescue services often reach their limits. One approach is such b. in Barcelona, ​​engstraßigen neighborhoods that exclusively nocturnal or early morning trash removal.

Once the garbage is collected, it is processed: the valuable garbage like paper and glass is treated in this specialized holdings and flows, for the most part back into the production of new goods. For hygiene reasons, no food packaging must be manufactured therefrom. The household waste is in Germany ( from 31 May 2005), in Austria (since 31 December 2004 and from 31 December 2008) and in Switzerland (mostly since 1 January 2000) in a waste incineration plant, mechanical-biological plant or untreated in other countries to the landfill.

Policy

The garbage disposal is usually operated as a garbage disposal - purpose association for rural communities, as local municipal utility or as a company in communal ownership. The removal services but are also awarded through a tender to a private firm and more frequently, then on behalf of municipalities collecting the waste. But many businesses entrust separate disposal companies that collect the different wastes. So it may be that one and the same type of waste in a disposal area will be collected by different companies several times a week.

In political matters people discussed since the mid-70s on the privatization of waste collection. In general, this leads only to a change in the legal form of the refuse collection company with consistent municipal owners. By the applicable public procurement law for several years, operators of municipal waste collection are kept, the most economically advantageous provider to use for the combustion of household waste. This leads to ecologically hardly justifiable so-called waste tourism, since the content of the vehicles often can not be disposed of in the nearest facility.

Profession

The persons who dispose of the waste, called garbage workers, waste handlers or garbage men, this, no training is required.

In waste management, there are apprenticeships: The specialist for circuit and waste management since June 17, 2002 a nationally recognized training occupation in Germany by the Vocational Training Act.

The former professional designation was supply and disposal. This apprenticeship is counted to the group of environmental professionals, which include the environmental education professionals trained for wastewater engineering, specialist in water supply technology and the specialist for pipe, sewer and industrial service.