Window insulation film
A sun protection film is usually a polyethylene terephthalate ( PET) existing film that is applied to windows, to reduce the light and the warmth of the sun rays. The film filters UV-A and UV-B radiation. The sunscreen is mainly caused by the reflection of the metal coatings of the film and in part by absorption. Other types of sun protection are sun protection glazing, external blinds and awnings.
- 2.1 Structure
- 2.2 Impact
- 2.3 Durability / Warranty
- 2.4 Assembly
Production
The vast majority of solar control films are made from polyethylene terephthalate recyclable. Metallized film, with reflective solar control films are vapor-coated with aluminum or other metals in a vacuum.
Sputtering
Another variation is the sputtering the sputtering. In this process, a glow discharge is caused by an electric field between the metal block, the target, and the PET film, the substrate in an inert gas atmosphere. This produces a plasma, i.e., consisting of Neutralteilchchen, free electrons and positive ionized inert gas atoms, gas conductive. The positive inert gas ions are accelerated towards the target through. Upon contact with the target metal atoms are resolved, meet with high speed on the PET film and connect there very evenly with the PET. The advantage compared to the conventional vapor deposition lies in the plurality of metals can be used. This allows, for example, the mirror effect, which occurs when aluminum can be reduced. As PET films need not be colored, the color impression is then used by the choice of metal (eg copper). There are Teflon-coated solar control films for the roof area in which cleaning of the film is as good as no longer necessary. The dirt can not adhere by the Teflon coating and is washed away with the next rain.
Properties
Construction
The construction of a modern, high-quality solar protection film is at least 6 layers.
- Transparent protective film
- Adhesive layer with UV absorbers
- Clear or tinted polyester film with UV absorbers
- Aluminum vapor (or other metals)
- Clear polyester film
- Scratch resistant coating
However, there are also quite a few films that do entirely without metal. The reception of GPS, radio u.s.w. is not impaired in the carbon film.
Effect
Depending on the film and the type of installation, the solar energy is reflected or absorbed. Note that with a higher sun protection also the sheet is darker.
The rejection of the total solar energy, depending on the type of film and installation, inside or outside, up to 86% on glass reduced radiation. The sun protectors feature a UV protection of about 99%. In addition, a reflective sun protector offers protection from prying eyes during the day. Even "light" solar protection films that are hard to see on the discs, achieve a reduced sunray of nearly 50 % and a UV protection of up to 99 %.
Durability / Warranty
The durability of a high-quality film is indoors at about 15 to 20 years, without the film loses power outside depending on installation type 6-13 years, serious. For outdoor films, the film surface should be free of dirt at least once a year. By the wet cleaning and cleaning of the film, the durability of the film is ensured. Dirt or impurities burn without cleaning the film in it and destroy the film material. Ensuring films is, depending on requirements and manufacturers, between 2.5 and 10 years for exterior films and 5-15 years in inner films. However, it should be compared very well what these representations and warranties relate.
Assembly
There are no specific knowledge and tools needed to coat a normal house windows with sun protection film. To be coated wafers are cleaned. Each protector is to protect an extra, clear film to expose the adhesive. These must be removed before installation. With a water / detergent mixture and the adhesive side of the window to be sprayed, so that no air bubbles remain under the film. The water is pushed out by means of a doctor blade. The less water remains in the film, the better the adhesive bonding glass. After a drying time of about 4 weeks, the film reaches the final adhesion. The sun protection film remains firmly laid all year round to the glass. The cleaning of the window remains as normal glass, but a lot of fluid and abrasive materials should be used, otherwise the surface coating could be scratched. In a car, it is advisable to consult a specialist workshop, since most windows are arched, and only a professional has the appropriate knowledge, experience and tools. During the self- test often creates air bubbles, creases, folds. Even dust and hair inclusions are not uncommon. In Germany, only sheet material having a general approval or E- mark is allowed. On these films ABE - number or e- character is printed, or in most cases even lasered. When laying is particularly important to ensure that the type approval number can be seen at every applied film portion. Films without corresponding ABE are not permitted and will result in legal terms for cancellation of the operating license. Complaints lodged by the TÜV or even with police checks are pre-programmed and can result in an accident to enormous disadvantages of the driver.
Other Protectors
Besides the described tinting film further specific protective films for flat glass are used in the area splinter protection, burglar resistance, anti-graffiti, blinds and projection.
These are mostly transparent and are used for protection against glass splinters. The films hold a glass breaking along the plate and resulting fragments to be bound by the foil. There can be no injury from flying shards of glass. Another field of application is the food producing or processing industry. Again, the glass panes are protected by splinter protection foils, so that broken glass can reach no splinters into production.
They are up to a thickness of about 400 microns ( a standard sun protection film has about 50 microns ) were prepared, such as to make it difficult to break-in attempts by the glass or prevent. They are applied from the inside on the discs. There are security films, which according to valid standards (DIN 52290, EN 356, UL 972) are certified as projectile- resistant. Another field of application is to protect the glass from attacks etc by projectile -like flying shards of glass. The films are clear and impair vision through the discs in any way, but there are also versions with integrated screening (eg White Matte) or sun protection (eg silver reflective) available.
Blast-resistant security films with a thickness of about 475 microns to provide protection with bomb attacks by an absorption in the surface pressure, as it is generated at a pressure wave due to an explosion. According to the standard deutsch-/europäischen such films are tested in the pressure shock tube.
These films are available in many variations ( patterns, tints ) to protect from prying eyes.
These are milk -like foils which are bonded on the inside or on glass are also used as hanging variant used. These films provide a very sharp image in forward and reverse projection. An affected by the viewing angle is not as good as it.
UV protection films are available in clear or smoked. Solar control films have a UV absorber in the adhesive layer, or in addition in the polyester material. UV radiation is absorbed to 99%. This means that no aggressive UV light can pass through the coated glass surface. These films offer a antifading for example, Window displays. One speaks of a factor of 4, which means that goods 4 times longer be exposed to sunlight before they begin to show Verbleichungserscheinungen. A complete Verbleichungschutz you can not reach with a film, you can only delay the fading.
They are mainly used to protect the windows of shops and windows on public transport as a "sacrificial layer ". Glass surfaces are a target of sprayers, scratchings ( German: Scratch shops) or Etching ( German: etching). The transparent films take scratches on, with the sound and feel of the perpetrators seem very authentic, tags from spray cans and marker pens stick like a regular glass. The film can be removed without leaving any residues, replacement of the window is not required.