Zawiercie

Zawiercie [ zavjɛrt͡ɕɛ ] ( during the German occupation from 1941 to 1945 Warthenau ) is a Polish district town in the Silesian Voivodeship. It counts about 52,000 inhabitants and is an important industrial center and railway and highway junction.

  • 4.1 External links
  • 4.2 footnotes

Geography

Zawiercie is located in the mountains of the Krakow -Czestochowa Jura in the north- eastern part of the Silesian Voivodeship, about 45 km north-east of Katowice and about 70 km north-west of Krakow. Near the city rises the Warta, which flows in the direction of Częstochowa.

Boroughs

Zawiercie is divided into 21 districts:

  • Argentyna
  • Blanowice
  • Borowe pole
  • Bzów
  • Centrum
  • Dąbrowica
  • Karlin
  • Kromołów
  • Łośnice
  • Marciszów
  • Miodowa
  • Osiedle Piłsudski
  • Pomrożyce
  • Skarżyce
  • Stary Rynek
  • Stawki
  • Osiedle Szymańskiego
  • Osiedle Warty
  • Zuzanka
  • I Zuzanka
  • Żerkowice
  • Przyjaźń

History

Zawiercie was first mentioned in 1431 in a document of the Opole Duke Bolko V.. However, the city remained as part of Poland's always outside the borders of Silesia, even if it is now part of the same province. Towards the end of the 19th century deals for Zawiercie two names by: The buildings on the road to Poręba " Zawiercie Duże " (Eng. United Zawiercie ) was called, the development right of the Warta, which belonged to the municipality Kromołów was " Zawiercie Małe "(Eng. small Zawiercie ) called. Kromołów was already mentioned in 1193 and is today the oldest part of Zawiercie dar. This place experienced around the beginning of the 19th century, thanks to its linen industry and the settled clothier had its greatest success.

In the third partition of Poland in 1795 Zawiercie attached as part of the so-called Neuschlesien Prussia. 1807, the city and Neuschlesien fell to the newly formed Duchy of Warsaw, to include after the Congress of Vienna in 1815 Congress Poland.

On December 1, 1847 Zawiercie connection was to the railway network, which laid the foundation for further industrial development. In addition to this single track a two-pronged connection was created in 1881, which connected Warsaw with Vienna. Soon followed in 1890, a station building, which was in 1914 replaced by the present one. Also, with new roads, the infrastructure was expanded. The improved conditions moved the Jewish family of entrepreneurs Ginsberg from Berlin to build a cotton mill built in 1833, and to make them competitive. For the city now began an industrial boom, which was closely linked to the railway connection, since settled most of the factories on the railway line in the subsequent period. Soon after, was opened in 1875 by Carl Brauss an art wool factory.

In particular, the iron industry was in Zawiercie of great importance, as many metalworking companies and ironworks as the hut Ferrum originated in the city and the later parts of the city that could use exploited iron ore spot the. In addition, large deposits found in the urban area of lignite, which were also developed rapidly for industry. In the growing city were of different companies working colonies created, equipped with schools, churches and parks.

Until the beginning of the 20th century Zawiercie had developed into a young and thriving industrial estate, the "only " a settlement was. Therefore much you tried to the municipal law for Zawiercie, which was awarded on July 1, 1915. Thus, the city was able to self-manage and consolidate its political and economic significance by numerous incorporations.

During the First World War, the area occupied by German troops city experienced a crisis. Because of the difficult to reach markets and declining industrial production many jobs were lost and one of the ironworks closed. Bottlenecks in the supply of the population with food led to a deterioration of living conditions.

Mismanagement and persistent unemployment prevented an improvement in the situation Zawiercies after the war. In this time of crisis Zawiercie has even been called extinct city. A slight improvement occurred in 1927, when Zawiercie county town was also increased and the cultural importance of the city. Over time, defused the financial condition and generally also found more people a job.

In the Polish campaign in 1939, the city was occupied by the Wehrmacht and the first part of the General Government. On November 20, 1939, the city eventually became part of the province of Silesia and later the Gaus Upper Silesia. This Zawiercie of Poland was separated and a part of Silesia, although it was never really been historically associated with this. The county was reduced in size and renamed district Warthenau because Zawiercie was renamed in 1941 in Warthenau.

After the liberation by the Red Army in early 1945 Zawiercie came back to Poland. After the Second World War, there was particular to 1947 in the industrial enterprises of the city to strike because of poor supply and payment location. Nevertheless, the city experienced a boom as new plants were built. In the 1990s, the unemployment posed a major problem of the city is because although there were industrial companies such as the shack Zawiercie privatized, on the other hand it was also used for many especially unproductive works to closures.

Twinning

Zawiercie maintains partnerships with the following cities:

References

Voivodeship (Poland) Powiat Vehicle registration plates of Poland Gmina Bolko V the Hussite Bornheim (Rheinland) Ogrodzieniec Szczekociny Integrated Authority File
813784
de